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Researchers at the University of São Paulo in Brazil have made a groundbreaking discovery about growth hormone (GH), a key player in building bones and muscles. They’ve found that GH also plays a crucial role in controlling anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress, offering new insights into these challenging neuropsychiatric disorders. Their study, featured in the Journal of Neuroscience, reveals for the first time the specific brain cells that GH acts on to influence [...]

A biodegradable sponge made of chitosan, a biopolymer derived from the shells of crustaceans, releases medication slowly into the organism and makes treatment of candidiasis more comfortable and effective, judging from the results of tests performed by researchers at the University of Porto in Portugal and the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in Brazil. An article describing them is published in the International Journal of Pharmaceutics. Vulvovaginal candidiasis [...]

In a world where many are trying to control their weight or live healthier lives, a lot of people have developed what experts call “dysfunctional dietary behavior” or “disordered eating attitudes.” These are unhealthy ways of thinking or behaving around food and body image, like starting a strict diet suddenly, fasting for too long, binge eating, or feeling guilty about eating certain foods. Such behaviors are a risk factor for serious eating disorders. Recently, a [...]

Entanglement is a property of quantum physics that is manifested when two or more systems interact in such a way that their quantum states cannot be described independently. In the terminology of quantum physics, they are said to be entangled, i.e. strongly correlated. Entanglement is of paramount importance to quantum computing. The greater the entanglement, the more optimized and efficient the quantum computer. A study conducted by researchers affiliated with the Department of Physics at [...]

Brazilian snake and spider venoms continue to be a source of new discoveries with biotechnological potential. Two studies supported by FAPESP and recently published show how this is possible even in relatively well-studied species such as the lancehead pit viper Cotiara (Bothrops cotiara) and the South American bushmaster (Lachesis muta). "Venoms never cease to surprise us. Even with so much accumulated knowledge, fresh discoveries are possible, such as unpredictable fragments that [...]

Approximately 28,000 snakebites caused by venomous snakes of medical importance are reported annually in Brazil, according to Health Ministry data. The number is certainly a significant underestimate because many snakebites are not reported. Underreporting of ophidic accidents (the technical term for poisoning by snakebite), especially in rural areas, is a structural problem in Brazil and other countries. As part of an effort to tackle the problem, notification of snakebites has been [...]

Researchers have identified the specific neurons responsible for controlling how growth hormone affects anxiety and the creation of fear memories, a hallmark of post-traumatic stress disorder. The discovery could lead to a new class of anti-anxiety drugs. Depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) affect millions of people worldwide. While the exact mechanisms underlying these conditions are not fully understood, growing evidence suggests that hormones may affect a [...]

At night in the Cerrado, Brazil's savanna and second-largest biome, larvae of the click beetle Pyrearinus termitilluminans, which live in termite mounds, display green lanterns to capture prey attracted by the bright light. In more than 30 years of expeditions with his students to Emas National Park and farms around the conservation unit in Goiás state to collect specimens, the phenomenon has never been so rare, said Vadim Viviani, a professor at the Federal University of [...]

Growth hormone (GH) acts on many tissues throughout the body, helping build bones and muscles, among other functions. It is also a powerful anxiolytic. A study conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil has produced a deeper understanding of the role of GH in mitigating anxiety and, for the first time, identified the population of neurons responsible for modulating the influence of GH on the development of neuropsychiatric disorders involving anxiety, [...]