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Site Phys.Org (Reino Unido) publica reportagem sobre descoberta do Instituto Butantan de que o veneno da raia da família Potamotrygonidae, todos de água doce, é variável mesmo entre indivíduos de uma espécie. Enquanto a ferroada de raias jovens causa muita dor à vítima, as toxinas inoculadas pelos indivíduos adultos têm ação necrosante, podendo auxiliar na caça de pequenos peixes, camarões e outros crustáceos. Divulgada na revista Toxicon, a pesquisa foi desenvolvida no âmbito do Centro de Pesquisa em Toxinas, Resposta Imune e Sinalização Celular (CeTICS), um dos CEPIDs apoiados pela FAPESP

A study by an international team of researchers, including Brazilian scientists, shows that urban pollution from Manaus, the capital of Amazonas State in Brazil, increases the formation of aerosols via the Amazon Rainforest far more than expected. This sharp increase in aerosols produced by the forest has a significant impact on key drivers of global climate change, such as radioactive balance, production of clouds and rain, and the rate of plant photosynthesis. Where urban pollution does not [...]

A new study by Brazilian biologists suggests that the effect of pesticides on bees could be worse than previously thought. Even when used at a level considered nonlethal, an insecticide curtailed the lives of bees by up to 50 percent. The researchers also found that a fungicide deemed safe for bees altered the behavior of workers and made them lethargic, potentially jeopardizing the survival of the entire colony. The results of the study are published in Scientific Reports. The principal [...]

A study conducted by scientists from Brazil, the United States and Portugal investigated the accuracy and consistency of different satellite data collections with regard to the location and size of burned areas in the Cerrado biome, the Brazilian savanna. The results, published in the International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation will help improve the output produced by Programa Queimadas, a program run by Brazil's National Space Research Institute (INPE) to monitor [...]

The substitution of diesel oil with liquefied natural gas (LNG) for cargo transportation in São Paulo would possibly lead to a significant reduction in fuel costs and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions—as well as other pollutants—in São Paulo State, Brazil. This was presented in a study by the Research Centre for Gas Innovation (RCGI) supported by the São Paulo Research Foundation—FAPESP—and Shell. Hosted at the Engineering School of the University of [...]

As well as causing significant harm to human health, air pollution also stunts the growth of trees, one of the elements that can attenuate this typically urban environmental problem. Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil have shown that atmospheric pollutants restrict tree growth and the ecosystem services provided by trees , such as filtering pollution by absorbing airborne metals in their bark, assimilating CO2, reducing the heat island effect by attenuating solar [...]

An experiment conducted in Brazil in an area of Atlantic Rainforest suggests that intensive silviculture, including the use of herbicide and substantial amounts of fertilizer, is a more effective approach to promoting the regeneration of tropical forest and biomass gain than the traditional method based on manual weeding and less fertilizer. The study was supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP. The principal investigator was Pedro Henrique Santin Brancalion , a professor of [...]

Plants have larger and more complex genomes than all animals, be they mammals, birds, reptiles or amphibians. Fish are the exception to the rule. Human DNA consists of some 3.2 billion base pairs spread out over 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. The genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum), however, comprises 17 billion base pairs divided into 21 pairs of chromosomes (a total of 42). The genome of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) contains 10 billion base pairs in 100-130 [...]

Haumea is one of the four known dwarf planets beyond the orbit of Neptune. It has two small satellites, an elongated shape and a short spin period Discovered in 2004, Haumea is a dwarf planet located beyond Pluto's orbit in a region of the Solar System called the Kuiper Belt. Pluto was demoted from the category of fully fledged planets in 2006 because of the discovery of Haumea and other dwarf planets. Haumea was officially recognized as a dwarf planet in 2008. Its ellipsoidal shape [...]