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The results of a study conducted in Brazil suggest that the sympathetic nervous system—the part of the autonomous nervous system that controls responses to danger or stress—can modulate the action of defense cells in patients with autoimmune diseases. Using an experimental model of multiple sclerosis, the scientists found that the sympathetic nervous system can limit the generation of effector responses by inhibiting the action of the cells that attack an antigen taken as a threat [...]

The mechanism by which defense cells respond to infection by Mayaro virus has been described by a team affiliated with the Center for Research on Inflammatory Diseases - CRID in an article published in the journal PLOS Pathogens. According to the authors, by establishing an experimental model of Mayaro fever in adult mice and identifying the processes involved in the immune response, the study provides a basis for the development of drugs against this disease. CRID is one of the Research, [...]

Researchers from the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil have developed a strategy for treating the most aggressive type of brain cancer in adults that combines a photoactive molecule and a chemotherapeutic agent - both encapsulated in protein-lipid nanoparticles. Results of the research, supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP, were presented during the FAPESP Week France symposium, by Antônio Claudio Tedesco, of the Center for Nanotechnology, Tissue [...]

In the search for new drugs to treat neglected diseases and malaria, researchers at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) and University of Sao Paulo (USP) will assemble a team of scientists in a global collaboration network co-funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), the Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative (DNDi) and the Medicines for Malaria Venture (MMV). The international consortium, supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP under the auspices of its [...]

Machines can be trained to classify images and thus identify tumors in CT scans, mineral compositions in rocks, or pathologies in optical microscopy analyses. This artificial intelligence technique is known as machine learning and has gained new applications in recent years. Machine training is carried out via the repetition of images used as examples of a particular context or situation and the adequate preparation of that material requires the effort of experts from a variety of areas. The [...]

The bacteria that form the gut microbiota influence important processes of the human body, such as digestion, nutrient absorption, and defense against pathogens. The same type of relationship is present in most animals, including in the Anhopheles darlingi mosquito, the main vector of malaria in Brazil. In the case of this insect, the composition of the gut microbiota appears to determine the susceptibility to infection by Plasmodium vivax - the species responsible for 90% of malaria cases in [...]

Stress while driving is a risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease and sudden cardiac complications such as heart attack (myocardial infarction), according to studies published in recent years. Selecting suitable driving music may be one way to mitigate this risk. A study by researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Marília, Brazil, suggests that listening to instrumental music, for example, may relieve cardiac stress. The results of the study, which [...]

Depois de provocar uma grave epidemia que resultou no nascimento de milhares de bebês com microcefalia, o vírus da zika vem revelando um aspecto tão inesperado quanto positivo: a capacidade de destruir tumores cancerígenos. Um novo estudo publicado na Scientific Reports por pesquisadores da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (Unicamp) constatou que o vírus é capaz de inibir a proliferação de células do câncer de próstata [...]

Researchers in Brazil have prepared modified forms of the alkaloids produced by Uncaria guianensis, a woody vine native to the Amazon Rainforest. U. guianensis is a medicinal plant commonly known as cat's claw. The natural versions of alkaloids are widely used to combat tumors and inflammation, and they can help modulate the immune system. The scientists sought to design therapeutically more potent chemicals. The study was supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP and [...]