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Agricultural fertilizers are critical for feeding the world's population, restoring soil fertility and sustaining crops. Excessive and inefficient use of those resources can present an environmental threat, contaminating waterways and generating greenhouse gases such as nitrous oxide. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Agricultural Science & Technology have addressed those challenges with glass fertilizer beads. The beads control nutrient release, and the researchers say they're [...]

Dinosaurs certainly didn’t benefit from the Chicxulub asteroid impact, but that was a wholly different story for the ancestors of today’s ants. In fact, the climatic upheaval that rocked Earth 66 million years ago may be the major reason some of the insect species learned to farm millions of years before humans even evolved. In a study published on October 3 in the Science, an international team of researchers from Brazilian and US universities as well as the Smithsonian [...]

When humans began farming crops thousands of years ago, agriculture had already been around for millions of years. In fact, several animal lineages have been growing their own food since long before humans evolved as a species. According to a new study, colonies of ants began farming fungi when an asteroid struck Earth 66 million years ago. This impact caused a global mass extinction but also created ideal conditions for fungi to thrive. Innovative ants began cultivating the fungi, [...]

A flurry of studies has found microplastics in nearly every organ in the human body, from the brain to the testicles. But very few have revealed whether these tiny bits of plastic impact our health. It seems every few months, we discover microplastics in a new part of the body. We have found them in our livers, kidneys, lungs and guts. They have even shown up in human breast milk and blood. Last week, they turned up again in eight people’s olfactory bulbs, a brain structure [...]

In Brazil, climate and other human-made environmental changes threaten decades-long efforts to fight a widespread and debilitating parasitic disease. Now, a partnership between researchers from Stanford and Brazil is helping to proactively predict these impacts. Schistosomiasis, spread by freshwater snails, affects more than 200 million people in many tropical regions of the world. It can cause stomach pain and irreversible consequences such as enlarged liver and cancer. Public health [...]

Only a fraction of nature’s diversity, or species richness, is still known, especially when it comes to insects and fungi, both of which have millions of species still unknown to science. At the same time, the loss of nature is progressing at an unprecedented rate, and researchers are racing against time to find out the unknown diversity while also coming up with ways to save it. “Air is a real treasure trove for nature research,” says Academy Research Fellow Nerea Abrego [...]

It was 3 a.m. on Feb. 6 when the dengue field hospital in Brasília temporarily shut its doors. The generator powering the medical facility had blown and the 29 members of the Brazilian Air Force in charge had to change it before they could see patients again. Medical professionals who'd been trained to care for dengue patients, they expected to attend to up to 600 people with suspected cases per day. In the first 24 hours after the doors opened on Feb. 5, they saw 1,300. The [...]

Global warming may be interacting with regional rainfall and deforestation to accelerate forest loss in the Amazon, pushing it towards partial or total collapse. Research published on 14 February 2024 in Nature , has identified the potential thresholds of these stressors, showing where their combined effects could produce a ‘tipping point' – in which the forest is so fragile that just a small disturbance could cause an abrupt shift in the state of the ecosystem. The study [...]

In a research revealed Could 02, 2022 in Nature Communications, scientists at College of California San Diego College of Drugs used human mind organoids to disclose how a genetic mutation related to a profound type of autism disrupts neural improvement. Utilizing gene remedy instruments to recuperate the gene’s perform successfully rescued neural construction and performance. A number of neurological and neuropsychiatric ailments, together with autism spectrum problems (ASD) and [...]