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Vitamin D plays an important role in the regulation of calcium and phosphorus absorption by an organism. It also helps keep the brain and immune system working. Researchers at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) in Brazil and University College London (UCL) in the United Kingdom have now shown that vitamin D supplementation reduces the risk of dynapenia in older people by 78%. Dynapenia is an age-associated loss of muscle strength. It can be partially explained by muscle [...]

A survey of 1,183 physicians in the Brazilian states of São Paulo and Maranhão shows that the various uses of telemedicine, which turned out to be a significant alternative during the public health crisis caused by COVID-19, are set to be a permanent feature of the nation’s health system. The study was conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP), the Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA) and Queen Mary University of London in the [...]

Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil have found that severe COVID-19 is associated with an imbalance in an important immune system signaling pathway. The discovery helps explain at the molecular level why some people infected by SARS-CoV-2 develop a potentially fatal systemic inflammation. It also paves the way to the development of more specific therapies. The study is published in Frontiers in Immunology. The researchers detected dysregulation of [...]

The countless benefits of native forests include the capacity of tree biomass to store large amounts of carbon, which can counterbalance greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere. A paper published in the journal Science Advances reports on an innovative analysis of a large dataset designed to clarify the concept of carbon sequestration, a strategic issue in the discussion of global climate change. “We still know little about the factors that can lead forests to store more or less [...]

A group of researchers has succeeded in converting methane into methanol using light and dispersed transition metals such as copper in a process known as photo-oxidation. According to an article reporting the study published in Chemical Communications, the reaction was the best obtained to date for conversion of methane gas into liquid fuel under ambient conditions of temperature and pressure (25 °C and 1 bar respectively). The term bar as a unit of pressure derives from the Greek word [...]

The sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic Ocean can be a predictor up to three months in advance of extreme climate events involving reduced rainfall and intense drought in the Northeast region of Brazil. This is one of the main findings of a study by researchers in Brazil, China, Australia and Germany, according to an article published in Geophysical Research Letters. Using a novel methodology based on the concept of precipitation deficit, the study showed that in recent years [...]

By Theo Ruprecht | Agência FAPESP– A drug carrier able to reach the brain, bind to an aggressive type of tumor called glioblastoma multiforme, and release a chemotherapeutic agent has been tested for the first time by Brazilian researchers. According to an articlepublishedin theInternational Journal of Pharmaceutics, the potential treatment was shown to be effective in isolated cells and animal models thanks to a combination of nanotechnology, chemotherapy and a monoclonal [...]

Jairo Kenupp Bastos first heard about the insect while visiting Canavieiras on the south coast of Bahia, a state in the Northeast of Brazil. “Local beekeepers told me about a tiny beetle that made holes in a plant called Dalbergia ecastaphyllum [Coinvine], a member of the pea family, and that the holes leaked a resin used by bees to make red propolis,” said Bastos, a professor of pharmacognosy (the study of drugs isolated from natural sources, such as plants, animals [...]

According to the latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), almost half the world’s population—about 3.3 billion to 3.6 billion people—live in contexts that are highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Social inequality greatly increases this vulnerability. To investigate the effects of inequality on environmental risk reduction and disaster prevention programs, researchers in Brazil affiliated with the Federal University of [...]