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[SÃO PAULO, SciDev.Net] A world-first single-dose vaccine against the dengue virus, manufactured and approved for use in Brazil, will especially benefit populations in hard-to-reach regions of the country such as the Amazon, say disease specialists. The Butantan-DV vaccine, which is the first to use a single dose against the four serotypes, or strains, of dengue, was approved by Brazil's national drug regulator last week (26 November) for use in people aged 12 to 59. It is an [...]

Pollinators receive more attention because of their known importance for food production and the economy. A lot of attention has been paid to the decrease in bee populations and other pollinators, but a recent review article makes the case that we should be equally alarmed by the declining numbers of seed-dispersing animals, which are crucial for growing healthy forests. “Both are important and should be taken into account in restoration and conservation projects,” study [...]

More than 2,000 terrestrial vertebrate species face a high risk of extinction from natural hazards, including hurricanes, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and tsunamis, according to a first-of-its-kind study. Nearly 70% of the high-risk species live exclusively on islands, highlighting the particular vulnerability of island ecosystems. Only 15% of high-risk species have specific conservation plans in place, while approximately 30% have their entire known range outside protected [...]

A new analysis suggests our language capacity existed at least 135,000 years ago, with language used widely perhaps 35,000 years after that. It is a deep question, from deep in our history: When did human language as we know it emerge? A new survey of genomic evidence suggests our unique language capacity was present at least 135,000 years ago. Subsequently, language might have entered social use 100,000 years ago. Our species, Homo sapiens , is about 230,000 years old. Estimates of when [...]

Dengue is having a record-breaking year. To help you with your reporting, we provide an overview of the mosquito-borne disease, followed by summaries of several research studies. On June 25, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention issued a health advisory alerting U.S. providers and the public of an increased risk of dengue virus infections. Dengue, the most common mosquito-borne disease in the world, is having a record-breaking year. The number of reported dengue cases has [...]

Low-calorie diets and intermittent fasting have been shown to have numerous health benefits: They can delay the onset of some age-related diseases and lengthen lifespan, not only in humans but many other organisms. Many complex mechanisms underlie this phenomenon. Previous work from MIT has shown that one way fasting exerts its beneficial effects is by boosting the regenerative abilities of intestinal stem cells, which helps the intestine recover from injuries or inflammation. In a [...]

A recent study shows that Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs), through their high nutrient and microbiological contents, could help to restore deforested areas in the Amazon region. A recent study shows that Amazonian Dark Earths (ADEs), through their high nutrient and microbiological contents, could help to restore deforested areas in the Amazon region. Furthermore, these unique soils, enriched with beneficial microorganisms like bacteria and archaea, can boost the fertility of typically [...]

[SÃO PAULO] - Babies exposed to malaria in the womb can suffer low birth weight and miscarriages, but a new study has found a common arthritis drug could put an end to the scourge of placental malaria. Maternal malaria is a serious health risk to both mothers and babies, particularly in endemic parts of the global South. Classified by the World Health Organization as a significant public health threat, some studies estimate maternal malaria causes up to 200,000 infant deaths each year [...]