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Protecting native vegetation on rural properties yields Brazil USD 1.5 trillion per year
Publicado em 18 novembro 2019
The 270 million hectares of native vegetation preserved by rural landowners (Legal Reserves and unprotected areas) yield Brazil the equivalent of some USD 1.5 trillion per year in ecosystem services, such as crop pollination, pest control, water security, rain production and soil quality maintenance.
The calculation is part of a paper published in the journal Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation and endorsed by 407 scientist signatories, including 371 researchers affiliated with 79 [...]
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New tool facilitates genetic mapping of polyploid plants
Publicado em 09 novembro 2019An innovative genetic mapping system for polyploid species promises to facilitate the work of scientists and plant breeders, who use genomics to develop varieties that are more productive and resistant to disease or drought. Polyploids are organisms with more than two sets of chromosomes. Many plant species of great economic value, such as potato, wheat, cotton and sugarcane, are polyploids. The research was conducted at the University of São Paulo’s Luiz de Queiroz College of [...]ver notícia -
New dairy cattle breeding method increases genetic selection efficiency
Publicado em 06 julho 2019Brazilian scientists at São Paulo State University (UNESP) collaborating with colleagues at the University of Maryland and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have developed a dairy cattle breeding method that adds a new parameter to genetic selection and conserves or even improves a population’s genetic diversity. The study, which is published in Journal of Dairy Science, was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP and USDA. Besides [...]ver notícia -
Modified enzyme can increase second-generation ethanol production
Publicado em 16 junho 2019One of the main challenges of second-generation biofuel production is identifying enzymes produced by microorganisms for use in a “cocktail” of enzymes to catalyze biomass hydrolysis, in which the enzymes act together to break down the carbohydrates in sugarcane trash and bagasse, for example, and convert them into simple sugars for fermentation. A group of researchers at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), working in partnership with colleagues at the Brazilian Biorenewables [...]ver notícia -
Freshwater stingray venom varies according to sex and age
Publicado em 06 junho 2019There is no antidote or specific treatment for freshwater stingray venom, although accidents involving these animals are frequent on rivers in the Amazon and other regions. A groundbreaking study conducted at the Butantan Institute in São Paulo, Brazil, analyzed freshwater stingray toxins to elucidate their mechanism of action and highlighted methods of treatment. One of the key findings was that the composition and effects of the venom produced by members of the family Potamotrygonidae [...]ver notícia -
Intensive silviculture accelerates Atlantic rainforest biodiversity regeneration
Publicado em 18 maio 2019An experiment conducted in Brazil in an area of Atlantic Rainforest suggests that intensive silviculture, including the use of herbicide and substantial amounts of fertilizer, is a more effective approach to promoting the regeneration of tropical forest and biomass gain than the traditional method based on manual weeding and less fertilizer. The study was supported by São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP. The principal investigator was Pedro Henrique Santin Brancalion, a [...]ver notícia -
Identification of mechanisms of pesticide resistance in cattle ticks
Publicado em 14 novembro 2018The cattle tick is controlled by pesticides, invariably leading to the selection of resistant strains. In Brazil, this parasite is currently resistant to a greater or lesser extent to all the commercial pesticides used by cattle farmers. The antiparasitic drug most widely used to control cattle tick populations (as well as human parasites) is ivermectin, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic, acaricide, and insecticide. Brazil's commercial cattle herd totaled 217.7 million animals in 2017, according [...]ver notícia -
Salmonella found to be resistant to different classes of antibiotics
Publicado em 10 novembro 2018Brazil’s Ministry of Health received reports of 11,524 outbreaks of foodborne diseases between 2000 and 2015, with 219,909 individuals falling sick and 167 dying from the diseases in question. Bacteria caused most outbreaks of such illnesses, including diarrhea and gastroenteritis. The most frequent were Salmonella spp., with 31,700 cases diagnosed in the period (14.4% of the total), Staphylococcus aureus (7.4%), and Escherichia coli (6.1%). According to a survey by the Ministry of Social [...]ver notícia -
Genes that could lead to improvement of beef cattle are identified
Publicado em 31 outubro 2018Beef cattle improvement programs have focused for decades on promoting the rapid growth of calves. Now, the goal is to improve other traits, such as meat tenderness or ribeye muscle area. Researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil who are studying the genome of the Gir breed of Zebu cattle have identified 35 genes associated with reproduction, milk composition, growth, meat and carcass, health or body conformation traits. This identification is a key step toward the [...]ver notícia -
Cappuccino made with jackfruit seed flour has chocolate aroma
Publicado em 29 outubro 2018Cappuccino made with jackfruit instead of cocoa powder. According to a new study, roasted jackfruit seeds can replace between 50% and 75% of the cocoa that is blended with milk and coffee to make cappuccino without impairing flavor or aroma. “Flour made from roasted jackfruit seeds naturally releases a mild chocolate aroma,” said food scientist Fernanda Papa Spada , a recipient of a scholarship, from São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP, who performed the study at the University of [...]ver notícia