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A new public, open-source digital platform developed by scientists at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil and Princeton University in the United States promises to facilitate the formulation of climate policies in Brazil. Named "NetZero Brazil 2050," the system cross-references georeferenced data on energy demand, land use and macroeconomics to simulate carbon-neutrality scenarios. In practice, the tool calculates in real time the lowest-cost decarbonization pathways for the [...]

Monitoring the lifespan of a lithium-ion battery without disassembling it may be possible. This prospect emerged from a study published in May in the journal Cell Reports Physical Science by researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and their collaborators. The scientists created an advanced computational model to investigate these energy sources and discovered that natural voltage fluctuations act as an "X-ray" of the system. This reveals [...]

Neuromorphic computing is a computational paradigm that mimics the way the brain functions in terms of both architecture and dynamics. It creates electronic circuits that store and process information in an integrated manner, similar to networks of neurons and synapses. With this goal in mind, an international network of researchers developed an electronic device, including Victor López-Richard, a full professor at the Center for Exact Sciences and Technology at the Federal University of [...]

Despite having the world's second-largest reserve of rare earth elements, second only to China, Brazil still needs to overcome technological and environmental obstacles to establish a local production chain. This group of 17 metallic chemical elements is essential for manufacturing high-tech products such as electric vehicles, wind turbines and smartphones. To make this sector viable, the country must first build separation and refining facilities. In a second phase, it must master the [...]

A study analyzing data from thousands of Brazilian municipalities identified regions with the greatest potential for producing and using green hydrogen, a fuel considered strategic for decarbonizing emission-intensive industrial sectors. While the research shows that Brazil has favorable conditions for developing this new energy chain, it also reveals a major challenge: the main sites of green hydrogen production and consumption do not coincide geographically. This will require significant [...]

A research team led by Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, has presented a new way to produce hydrogen gas without the scarce and expensive metal platinum. Using sunlight, water and tiny particles of electrically conductive plastic, the researchers show how the hydrogen can be produced efficiently, sustainably and at low cost. Hydrogen plays a key role in the global pursuit of renewable energy. Although its use produces only water as a by-product, significant challenges remain before [...]

A computational study published in the Journal of Molecular Liquids makes important contributions to the development of new, safe, high-performance batteries by investigating compounds that can be used as electrolytes in sodium-ion batteries. The work involved the efforts of a team of researchers linked to the Center for Innovation on New Energies (CINE). Created in 2018, the CINE is based at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), the University of São Paulo (USP), and the [...]

Brazilian researchers have developed a ceramic clay that is lighter than that normally used in civil construction by adding algae from the Sargassum genus to the manufacturing process. These brown algae, also known as sargassum, are common in the central Atlantic Ocean. However, they have been washing up in large quantities on beaches in the Caribbean, the United States, and northern Brazil, where they have become problematic. Their accumulation on beaches can harm human health due to the [...]

A newly developed system transforms human waste into a powerful tool for profitable and sustainable energy and agriculture in resource-limited regions. The prototype, outlined in a Stanford-led study published in Nature Water, recovers a valuable fertilizer from urine, using solar energy that can also provide power for other uses. In the process, the system provides essential sanitation, making wastewater safer to discharge or reuse for irrigation. "This project is about turning a [...]