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A new study from MIT has revealed the exact mechanism by which fasting causes intestinal stem cells to regenerate, which is one of the practice's benefits. However, the study also showed a downside that needs to be considered when breaking a fast. Fasting, either for several days a week or several hours a day, is a popular approach used by thousands of people to help control their weight, rest their guts, and potentially deliver other health benefits. A study earlier this year, for [...]

Fasting and low-calorie diets have been praised for their potential health benefits, including delaying age-related diseases and extending lifespan. However, a recent study by MIT researchers reveals that while fasting can help the gut heal, it might also increase the risk of developing cancer under certain conditions. The study, conducted on mice, shows that fasting boosts the ability of intestinal stem cells to regenerate, helping the intestine recover from injuries or [...]

An article published in the journal Current Biology describes experiments that mapped a brain circuit responsible for instantly detecting threats and forming memories of fear. "We were interested in locating a brain region associated with fear signaling and finding out how it could identify environments previously related to physical or predatory threats, such as a place where the individual underwent an aversive physical stimulus," said Newton Sabino Canteras, [...]

Low-calorie diets and intermittent fasting have been shown to have numerous health benefits: They can delay the onset of some age-related diseases and lengthen lifespan, not only in humans but many other organisms. Many complex mechanisms underlie this phenomenon. Previous work from MIT has shown that one way fasting exerts its beneficial effects is by boosting the regenerative abilities of intestinal stem cells, which helps the intestine recover from injuries or inflammation. In a [...]

In a study on mice, researchers found that rodents who fasted for 24-hours before eating had a 'profound' risk of pre-cancerous tumors forming in their gut. This may be because the 'refeeding' stage causes cells in the intestines to become overactive, increasing the risk of cancer-causing mutations occurring. Dr Omer Yilmaz, a biologist at MIT who led the study, cautioned that it was not carried out in humans — so could not be directly compared to people. But he [...]

To evade the human host's immune response, SARS-CoV-2, the coronavirus that causes COVID-19, uses the machinery of defense cells to induce the expression of unproductive isoforms of key antiviral genes – variant forms of genes that result from disrupted splicing or transcription processes and do not code for functional (protective) proteins. This is a key finding of a study conducted by researchers at the Albert Einstein Jewish Brazilian Hospital (HIAE), the University of São [...]

STARKVILLE, Miss.—With a new understanding of past life on the planet through fossils, a Mississippi State biological sciences faculty member is helping researchers better predict Earth's future. In a new paper published in July in the esteemed peer-reviewed journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Donald L. Hall Professor of Biology Matthew Brown unearths a specific area of under-studied fossils: microbial eukaryotes—more specifically, testate amoebae from [...]

Large companies and brands are under increasing pressure from governments, NGOs and consumers to address social and environmental concerns in their supply chains, leading to efforts to make supply chains more sustainable. Every product or service that you consume is part of a supply chain. Supply chains include an array of activities connecting mining or harvesting, processing, manufacturing, logistics, marketing, retail, consumption, and waste management. Even quite simple products or [...]

A study involving 22 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients has shown that use of the dopaminergic drug levodopa improves sleep quality. When the patients took the drug, the number of times they woke up during the night fell 25% and the amount of time they remained awake fell 30% on average. The investigation was conducted with FAPESP's support by researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil, and the University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA) in France. An article reporting [...]