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Early humans may have started using language for communication over 100,000 years ago, a new review of genomic data shows. There are some 7,000 identified languages spoken globally, and researchers say they all have a common origin back when early human groups started spreading across the world. Our ancestors developed the cognitive ability for language, combining vocabulary and grammar into a system of expression, over millions of years of evolution. The capacity to talk in humans [...]

Humans speak more than 7,000 languages today. As different as they all seem, researchers argue in a new review that they all stem from a single linguistic family tree that emerged before our species split into distinct populations 135,000 years ago. By 100,000 years ago, this verbal revolution was cemented into the behavior of Homo sapiens, archeologically visible in our use of symbolism in body decorations and engravings. "Every population branching across the globe has human [...]

A study conducted by researchers from São Paulo State University (UNESP), in Brazil, and collaborators shows that lemon leafcutter ants (Atta sexdens) exhibit behaviors that go beyond so-called social immunity, i.e. the ability to detect pathogens and try to get rid of them for the benefit of the colony. In an article published in the journal Proceedings of the Royal Society B, scientists report that these insects are able to recognize a pathogenic fungus they have already [...]

In vitro tests indicate that cannabidiol can stimulate the biomineralization of teeth even under inflammatory conditions, thus promoting tissue repair. The research was conducted with the support of FAPESP at the Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry of the University of São Paulo (FORP-USP) in Brazil. The results were published in the Journal of Dentistry. In the experiment, cells from the dental pulp of mice were exposed to a cytokine called tumor [...]

Early humans may have started using language for communication over 100,000 years ago, a new review of genomic data shows. There are some 7,000 identified languages spoken globally, and researchers say they all have a common origin back when early human groups started spreading across the world. Our ancestors developed the cognitive ability for language, combining vocabulary and grammar into a system of expression, over millions of years of evolution. The capacity to talk in humans [...]

A new coronavirus discovered in bats in Brazil has been found to share similarities with the deadly Mers virus but its risk to humans remains unclear, scientists say. Researchers from São Paulo and Ceará discovered the novel coronavirus in collaboration with colleagues from Hong Kong University (HKU), and found it resembles the Middle East respiratory syndrome virus (Mers-CoV). The Mers virus was first identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia and has since led to over 850 deaths [...]

Glioblastoma (GBM), one of the most aggressive types of brain cancer, is one of the greatest challenges for medicine, both because it is difficult to treat and because of its high mortality rate. In Brazil, although no exact figures are available, it is estimated that between 10,000 and 12,000 new cases are diagnosed every year. The disease, which accounts for nearly half (49%) of all brain tumors, has an extremely low survival rate, with most patients living only about 12 months after [...]

A new coronavirus discovered in bats in Brazil has been found to share similarities with the deadly Mers virus but its risk to humans remains unclear, scientists say. Researchers from São Paulo and Ceará discovered the novel coronavirus in collaboration with colleagues from Hong Kong University (HKU), and found it resembles the Middle East respiratory syndrome virus (Mers-CoV). The Mers virus was first identified in 2012 in Saudi Arabia and has since led to over 850 deaths [...]

It is a deep question, from deep in our history: When did human language as we know it emerge? A new survey of genomic evidence suggests our unique language capacity was present at least 135,000 years ago. Subsequently, language might have entered social use 100,000 years ago. Our species, Homo sapiens, is about 230,000 years old. Estimates of when language originated vary widely, based on different forms of evidence, from fossils to cultural artifacts. The authors of the new analysis took a [...]