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Brazilian researchers combined environmental physical, social and economic indicators to create an index that measures a region's vulnerability and used it to analyze the basins of the Parnaíba River and São Francisco River in the Northeast of Brazil. The index is named SEVI (for Socio-Environmental Vulnerability). The Parnaíba and São Francisco basins are considered crucial to agricultural expansion and biodiversity conservation. They contain more than 780 [...]

Brigham researchers are working on a new approach to target autoimmunity in the brain leverages designer bacteria to make treatment safer and more effective. Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital, a founding member of the Mass General Brigham healthcare system, have designed a probiotic to suppress autoimmunity in the brain, which occurs when the immune system attacks the cells of the central nervous system. Autoimmunity in the brain is at the core of several diseases, including [...]

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo The first case of concomitant visceral leishmaniasis and non-ulcerated cutaneous leishmaniasis in the same patient has been reported recently by researchers at the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar) in São Paulo state, Brazil, in an article published in the International Journal of Infectious Diseases. The study was funded by FAPESP and draws attention to novel aspects of a disease that is [...]

This week, NSF Director Sethuraman Panchanathan welcomed U.S. Ambassador to Brazil Elizabeth Frawley Bagley to NSF headquarters. Discussions centered around scaling up bilateral collaboration between the U.S. and Brazil, a critical partner to NSF. Building strong partnerships across nations is vital to creating even more opportunities for tackling grand global challenges. NSF has a long-standing partnership with the São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) particularly in supporting [...]

Contributing to the pursuit of sustainable farming, especially sugarcane growing, Brazilian researchers have shown that water bodies such as ponds and even puddles can maintain ecosystem services, provided there are tolerant animals in the vicinity to replace those most sensitive to agricultural practices. In an innovative study involving manipulation of large areas of cropland, the group tested the effects of intensifying land use by converting extensive pasture to intensive pasture and [...]

A type of soil called terra preta da Amazônia, or Amazon dark earth (ADE), promotes faster growth of trees and enhances their development in qualitative terms, according to an article published in the journal Frontiers in Soil Science.  The findings reported in the article resulted from studies supported by FAPESP (projects 20/08927-0, 18/19000-4 and 14/50320-4) under the aegis of its Biodiversity, Characterization, Conservation, Restoration [...]

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo A type of soil called terra preta da Amazônia, or Amazon dark earth (ADE), promotes faster growth of trees and enhances their development in qualitative terms, according to an article published in the journal Frontiers in Soil Science. The findings reported in the article resulted from studies supported by FAPESP (projects 20/08927-0, 18/19000-4 and 14/50320-4) under the aegis of its Biodiversity, [...]

An article to be published on July 31 in Nature Ecology & Evolution reveals that Luzio, the oldest human skeleton found in São Paulo state (Brazil), was a descendant of the ancestral population that settled the Americas at least 16,000 years ago and gave rise to all present-day Indigenous peoples, such as the Tupi. Based on the largest set of Brazilian archeological genomic data, the study reported in the article also offers an explanation for the disappearance of the [...]

Luzio, a 10,000-year-old skeleton from São Paulo, Brazil, has some familiar-looking DNA. He belongs to the same genetic population as all modern-day Indigenous peoples of the Americas, according to new research published in Nature Ecology & Evolution. Luzio was previously thought to have possibly belonged to a different, older, population, who settled in modern-day Brazil around 14,000 years ago. “Genetic analysis showed Luzio to be an Amerindian, like the Tupi, [...]