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North Atlantic temperature helps forecast extreme events in Northeast Brazil up to three months in advance
Publicado em 22 de julho de 2022
The sea surface temperature in the North Atlantic Ocean can be a predictor up to three months in advance of extreme climate events involving reduced rainfall and intense drought in the Northeast region of Brazil. This is one of the main findings of a study by researchers in Brazil, China, Australia and Germany, according to an article published in Geophysical Research Letters.
Using a novel methodology based on the concept of precipitation deficit, the study showed that in recent years the [...]
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Study proposes mathematical tool to help understand fractal structure of quark-gluon plasma
Publicado em 07 junho 2022Quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is a state of matter existing at extremely temperatures and densities, such as those that occur in collisions of hadrons (protons, neutrons and mesons). Under so-called “normal” conditions, quarks and gluons are always confined in the structures that constitute hadrons, but when hadrons are accelerated to relativistic velocities and made to collide with each other, as they are in the experiments performed at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) operated by the [...]ver notícia -
Scientists Identify Beetle That Triggers Production Of Red Propolis In Brazil
Publicado em 28 maio 2022Jairo Kenupp Bastos first heard about the insect while visiting Canavieiras on the south coast of Bahia, a state in the Northeast of Brazil. “Local beekeepers told me about a tiny beetle that made holes in a plant called Dalbergia ecastaphyllum [Coinvine], a member of the pea family, and that the holes leaked a resin used by bees to make red propolis,” said Bastos, a professor of pharmacognosy (the study of drugs isolated from natural sources, such as plants, animals [...]ver notícia -
Study points to ways of involving visually impaired people in environmental disaster prevention
Publicado em 11 maio 2022According to the latest report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), almost half the world’s population—about 3.3 billion to 3.6 billion people—live in contexts that are highly vulnerable to the impact of climate change. Social inequality greatly increases this vulnerability. To investigate the effects of inequality on environmental risk reduction and disaster prevention programs, researchers in Brazil affiliated with the Federal University of [...]ver notícia -
Enzymes discovered in capybara gut could accelerate utilization of agroindustrial waste
Publicado em 03 maio 2022Converting agroindustrial waste into molecules of interest to society, such as biofuels and biochemicals, is one of the ways to mitigate dependence on oil and other fossil fuels. As one of the world’s largest producers of plant biomass, Brazil is well-placed to lead this transition, but lignocellulosic raw materials (containing lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose) are hard to deconstruct, or (more technically put) recalcitrant to microbial and enzymatic degradation. Scientists in [...]ver notícia -
Study points to physical principles that underlie quantum Darwinism
Publicado em 27 abril 2022At the atomic and subatomic scales, objects behave in ways that challenge the classical worldview based on day-to-day interactions with macroscopic reality. A familiar example is the discovery that electrons can behave as both particles and waves, depending on the experimental context in which they are observed. To explain this and other phenomena, which appear contrary to the laws of physics inherited from previous centuries, models that are self-consistent but have contradictory [...]ver notícia -
Animals essential to seed dispersal are the first to disappear owing to deforestation
Publicado em 26 abril 2022Trees of the species Pouteria bullata, which is endemic to Brazil and whose common name is guapeva-vermelha, are found solely in the Atlantic Rainforest biome and produce sweet succulent fruit. Their seeds are relatively large (about 2 cm) and cannot be swallowed by birds or small mammals, so they depend on primates like the Brown howler (Alouatta guariba) and Southern muriqui (Brachyteles arachnoides), as well as the South American Tapir (Tapirus terrestris), to disperse their genetic [...]ver notícia -
Deforestation of Indigenous lands could prevent Brazil from achieving climate change mitigation targets
Publicado em 20 abril 2022Indigenous lands in the Brazilian Amazon are under constant pressure, and deforestation of these areas has accelerated in recent years. Some of them, such as Apyterewa Indigenous Territory in Pará state, are particularly affected, endangering Brazil’s ability to meet the targets to which it is committed internationally in terms of combating deforestation and mitigating the impact of climate change. To protect the areas of the Amazon that are still intact, effective action must be [...]ver notícia -
Chiral gold nanoparticles increase vaccine efficacy by more than 25%, study suggests
Publicado em 19 abril 2022Vaccines can be made over 25% more effective by adding left-handed chiral gold nanoparticles as adjuvants, according to a study by an international collaboration in which Brazilian researchers took part. An article reporting the results is published in Nature. Three research groups collaborated on the study, one affiliated with the University of Michigan in the United States, and another with Jiangnan University in China. The Brazilian group was led by André Farias [...]ver notícia -
Researchers discover bacteria capable of killing fungus that causes yield-reducing disease in sugarcane
Publicado em 06 abril 2022A study conducted at the Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM) has discovered that three strains of Pseudomonas bacteria can inhibit growth, and even cause the death, of the fungus responsible for pineapple sett rot, a disease that attacks sugarcane, especially in the planting season. The results are reported in an article published in Environmental Microbiology, a journal of the United Kingdom’s Society for Applied Microbiology, and could serve as a basis for [...]ver notícia