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Researchers at the Optics and Photonics Research Center (CePOF) in Brazil and collaborators at the University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Center in Canada have reported for the first time the effective use of a specific type of phototherapy to eradicate ocular melanoma in mice. Based on a pulsed laser, the technique involves the application of a large amount of light in a short period of time to activate a drug. The study is described in an article published in Proceedings of the [...]

The constant rise in temperatures and increasing frequency of extreme weather events, especially rainstorms, requires Brazilian towns and cities to develop contingency plans that include efficient monitoring, rapid response, and an efficient local early warning system. The population must understand the threat and know what to do when the responsible bodies issue a warning of an imminent disaster. Urban planning and adequate infrastructure also play an important role to avoid economic losses [...]

The most common type of malaria in Brazil is caused by the parasite Plasmodium vivax. Although vivax malaria is milder than the variant caused by P. falciparum, the ability of P. vivax to produce dormant forms in the host's liver that can be reactivated months after the end of treatment makes it very hard to control. According to the scientific literature, such recurrence may account for some 90% of cases in Brazil. In an article published in the journal Scientific Reports, Brazilian [...]

Predicting extreme events is essential to the preparation and protection of vulnerable regions, especially at a time of climate change. The city of Santos on the coast of São Paulo state (Brazil) is Latin America's largest port and has been the focus for significant case studies, not least because of the storm surges that threaten its infrastructure and the local ecosystems. An article reporting the results of a study that focused on a critical part of Santos and used advanced [...]

By Tarun Sai Lomte A recent study published in Current Developments in Nutrition investigated the effects of a functional bread fermented with yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) in asthma prevention. ​​​​​​​Study: A Functional Bread Fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae UFMG A-905 Prevents Allergic Asthma in Mice. Image Credit: Sunshine Seeds/Shutterstock.com Background Asthma is a complex, heterogeneous disease characterized by airway inflammation, remodeling, and [...]

An important chapter of the history of human occupation on the coast of Brazil is being rewritten by Brazilian researchers affiliated with the University of São Paulo's Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology (MAE-USP). In an article published in the journal PLOS ONE, the group, which also includes researchers in Santa Catarina state, South Brazil, and in other countries (the United States, Belgium and France), shows that the "sambaqui" builders of Galheta IV, an [...]

A study by scientists at three Brazilian institutions reported in the journal Archives of Psychiatric Nursing found that practicing mindfulness helped nurses manage their levels of anxiety and stress. The authors mined databases for past research on the topic, selected 14 studies conducted in seven countries, and carried out a systematic review and analysis of these studies. They opted for a methodology known as meta-analysis, a statistical technique used to combine evidence provided by [...]

A recent study conducted by the University of São Paulo (USP) reveals alarming levels of mycotoxins in household flours and rice, potentially dangerous for children and adolescents. These toxic substances, produced by fungi, are omnipresent in the samples analyzed and pose considerable health risks. The research, supported by FAPESP and published in Food Research International, is the first of its kind in Brazil to use biomarkers to characterize food-related risks associated with [...]

An analysis of scientific papers published in a 15-year period on molecular methods to identify elasmobranch species shows that better detection of illegal trade has not enhanced protection. Credit: Marcela Alvarenga The most advanced molecular techniques contribute significantly to the identification of endangered sharks, rays and skates, collectively known as elasmobranchs, and are therefore fundamental to the enforcement of the laws and regulations governing trade in fins and meat from [...]