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Researchers recorded lemon sharks (Negaprion brevirostris) preying on an invasive species, the jaguar cichlid (Parachromis managuensis), for the first time. This observation was made in Sueste Bay in March 2024. Sueste Bay is a well-known shark feeding ground in the Brazilian archipelago of Fernando de Noronha. The study is published in the journal Environmental Biology of Fishes. The event was considered unlikely because Sueste Bay is a sea inlet with saltwater, while the jaguar cichlid [...]

A study conducted at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, has proven the efficiency of a sustainable process for extracting isoflavones from soybean meal that increases their bioavailability. Isoflavones are used in foods, cosmetics, and supplements due to their health benefits, including combating neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, type 1 and type 2 diabetes, hyperglycemia, and exhibiting anticancer, antimicrobial, and antioxidant [...]

The cost of forest restoration is a considerable obstacle, sparking discussions in recent years about how to make it economically viable. Since native wood management, carbon credits, and payment for ecosystem services are long-term solutions—the latter two with a nascent market—a group of researchers proposes exploiting non-timber forest products with added value to generate income from reforestation areas. In an article published in the journal Ambio, a group led [...]

A study conducted at Harvard University identified a group of metabolites that travel from the intestine to the liver and then to the heart, where they are pumped throughout the body. These metabolites play an important role in controlling metabolic pathways in the liver and insulin sensitivity. This discovery may contribute to future treatments for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The results were published in the journal Cell Metabolism. "The hepatic portal vein drains much [...]

A group of researchers from the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, developed a product made from native bee honey and cocoa bean shells that can be consumed directly or used as an ingredient in food and cosmetics. The results were published in the journal ACS Sustainable Chemistry Engineering, which featured the study on its cover. The researchers used native bee honey as an edible solvent to extract stimulants such as theobromine and caffeine, [...]

Here’s what you’ll learn when you read this story: About 110 million years ago, two pterosaurs were probably wandering around the shore when they were snapped up by a hungry predator—one which apparently couldn’t hold them down. The blob of vomit was fossilized, and when it surfaced in Brazil’s Araripe Basin, revealed that both the pterosaurs belonged to a genus and species never before seen. It is thought that the culprit is a spinosaur, because the [...]

A stretch of sand can look simple at first. Waves slide in, families lay out towels, and children run across the warm surface. It is easy to forget that a living world moves under your feet and beneath the shallows. A new study from the coast of São Paulo shows how rich and busy this unseen community is and how easily it can be weakened by the ways people use and build along the shore. The work reveals how the shape and energy of the coast still guide much of this life, yet growing [...]

Throughout evolution, pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi, have developed sophisticated defense strategies to survive and multiply in the hostile environment of their hosts. These mechanisms increase their virulence and make infections more difficult to fight. One of the most effective strategies is the neutralization of oxidants released by defense cells to eliminate invaders. A research group led by Luis Eduardo Soares Netto, from the Institute of Biosciences at [...]

The pursuit of becoming a world-first fossil is one of dogged determination. The majority of life on Earth doesn’t get preserved, so you’ve got to die just right, bathed in just the right conditions. For one filter-feeding pterosaur, that meant spending an eternity encased in vomit. Yes, for the first time ever, an extinct species has been described locked inside a regurgitalite – the scientific name given to fossilized vomit. It’s a world-first in more ways than one, [...]