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Small plastic particles are everywhere: in the soil where our food is grown, in the water we drink and in the air we breathe. They got there from the plastic we throw away, which ends up in landfill sites, rivers and seas. There the plastic waste slowly breaks down, releasing tiny particles called microplastics and even tinier nanoplastics into the environment. Microplastics are also increasingly being found throughout the human body . We are not sure how they got there, though there are [...]

A mighty river is flowing out of the Amazon rainforest, and it's not the one you're thinking of. In the first kilometre above the forest canopy, a “flying river” is transporting moisture evaporated from Amazonian trees southwards along the Andes mountains towards Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost state in Brazil. Almost the entire state – an area larger than the UK – is currently affected by unprecedented floods . The flying river has acted like a firehose, [...]

Brazilian and U.S. researchers have developed a molecule called FRW that proved capable of binding to blood vessels in the brain but not in other organs when injected into the bloodstream in tests with mice. They used the technique to produce the first ever complete map of the vasculature of the brain, paving the way for the creation of novel diagnostic imaging strategies and therapies for diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. The research was supported by São Paulo [...]

Researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil have discovered that growth hormone (GH), which stimulates skeletal maturation and linear bone growth, as well as helping maintain tissue and organs throughout life, also acts directly on the brain to conserve energy when the body loses weight. A paper on the discovery has just been published in the journal Nature Communications. “Growth hormone has been known for decades, but our discovery shows it does a lot more than was [...]

Cappuccino made with jackfruit instead of cocoa powder. According to a new study, roasted jackfruit seeds can replace between 50% and 75% of the cocoa that is blended with milk and coffee to make cappuccino without impairing flavor or aroma. “Flour made from roasted jackfruit seeds naturally releases a mild chocolate aroma,” said food scientist Fernanda Papa Spada , a recipient of a scholarship, from São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP, who performed the study at the University of [...]