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Difficulty finding words or the habit of substituting them with others that are similar semantically, such as knife and cutter, or phonologically, such as knife and wife, are usually the first symptoms of a type of dementia known as primary progressive aphasia (PPA). Another sign is a subtle difficulty in forming sentences, evidenced by verbal and nominal agreement errors that have never been made before, or reversal of word order, for example. Writing errors (dysgraphia) and reading [...]

A diet rich in produce such as grapes, strawberries, açaí, oranges, chocolate, wine and coffee can reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome by as much as 23%, according to the findings of a study involving more than 6,000 Brazilians, the largest in the world to associate the effects of consuming polyphenols with protection against cardiometabolic problems. Metabolic syndrome, a cluster of metabolic abnormalities and hormone alterations, is the main risk factor for cardiovascular [...]

Genomic surveillance of the evolving SARS-CoV-2 virus has been essential for managing the COVID-19 pandemic, helping researchers identify new variants, track their circulation, and create new vaccines that target the most common emerging variants. The same approach is applied when developing annual flu shots. This work, however, requires a structured naming system for new variants so that everyone studying and tracking viruses can be on the same page, speaking the same language. To date, [...]

MONDAY, Sept. 16, 2024 (HealthDay News) -- For the first time, scientists have detected microscopic microplastics lodged in the human brain. Researchers in Germany and Brazil say that 8 out of 15 autopsied adults had microplastics detected within their brain's smell centers, the olfactory bulb. The particles were likely breathed in over a lifetime, since tiny floating microplastics are ubiquitous in the air. Although microplastics have already been found in human lungs, intestines, [...]

The skin or peel of the jaboticaba berry (Plinia jaboticaba), a native of the Brazilian Atlantic Rainforest, is usually thrown away because of its astringency (due to an abundance of mouth-puckering tannins), yet it can be a powerful ally in the treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome, according to an article published in the journal Nutrition Research. Conducted by researchers at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in São Paulo state (Brazil), the study showed that [...]

A new study has revealed important insights into how SARS-CoV-2 and its variants escape the immune system. The findings pave the way for new therapeutic approaches against COVID-19. The research of the international team of scientists from the U.S., Brazil and Germany focused on the interactions between the virus and the human innate immune system. The study was led by a team from the Ragon Institute of Mass General, MIT and Harvard. The results are published in Cell. The study shows that [...]

By comparing data for the immune response to natural infection by dengue virus to data for activation of the immune system by dengue vaccines, researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) have identified molecular markers that could be used in the development of novel vaccines and treatments for dengue. They also reiterated the efficacy of two vaccines already available on the market: Q-Denga, manufactured by Takeda Pharma (Japan) and now being distributed by the national health [...]

In an article published in the journal Psychiatry Research, Brazilian scientists describe a number of molecular alterations found in the blood and brain tissue of individuals who committed suicide. According to the authors, the study aimed to identify susceptibility factors and potential targets for innovative pharmacological intervention. More than 700,000 people take their own lives worldwide each year, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). The suicide rate is [...]

The chikungunya virus, transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes and responsible for more than 900 deaths in Brazil since it arrived around ten years ago, is capable of spreading through the blood, reaching multiple organs and crossing the blood-brain barrier, which protects the central nervous system. The mechanisms of action observed for the first time in fatal cases by a group of Brazilian, American and British researchers are reported in an article published in Cell [...]