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In a study published in Scientific Reports, a group of researchers affiliated with São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil describes an important theoretical finding that may contribute to the development of quantum computing and spintronics (spin electronics), an emerging technology that uses electron spin or angular momentum rather than electron charge to build faster, more efficient devices. The study was supported by São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP. Its [...]

Passion fruit woodiness caused by cowpea aphid-borne mosaic virus (CABMV), the disease that most affects passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) grown in Brazil, can be combated with a relatively simple technique. A study published in the journal Plant Pathology shows that systematic eradication of plants with symptoms of the disease preserves the crop as a whole and keeps plants producing for at least 25 months. The technique currently used to combat CABMV entails renewing the entire orchard every [...]

A paper published in Scientific Reports describes how researchers affiliated with the University of São Paulo’s Medical School (FM-USP) in Brazil and colleagues at institutions in Europe evaluated behaviors leading to weight gain in adolescents. Childhood obesity can favor the premature emergence of health issues such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The main finding is that skipping breakfast, a common habit among teenagers, correlates directly with increased waist [...]

Biologists Laura Carolina Leal and also Felipe Passos did a collection of experiments in Brazil’s Northeast area– especially in the inside of Bahia State, where the semiarid Caatinga biome predominates– to figure out exactly how plants with extrafloral nectaries engage with ants. Extrafloral nectaries are nectar-secreting glands not associated with pollination which supply bugs with carbs for protection versus herbivores. The nectar draws in aggressive bugs that take in both [...]

Brazilian and European researchers have demonstrated exactly how a nanotechnology-based compound delivers an oral vaccine against hepatitis B to the immune system. When particles containing silica and an antigen combine, even though they are different sizes, they reach the intestine without being destroyed by the acidity of the digestive system. A compound of nanostructured SBA-15 silica and HBsAg, the hepatitis B surface antigen, was submitted to different types of X-ray imaging in European [...]

Flexible electronics is one of the most important trends in technology today. The market is growing so fast that it is expected to double in value in the next decade. Extremely light and even bendable optoelectronic equipment that supplies, detects and controls light will become commonplace in the near future. A great deal of research is progressing in this direction, as exemplified by a paper recently published in Scientific Reports. The paper describes an experimental and theoretical study [...]

Brazilian scientists at São Paulo State University (UNESP) collaborating with colleagues at the University of Maryland and the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) have developed a dairy cattle breeding method that adds a new parameter to genetic selection and conserves or even improves a population’s genetic diversity. The study, which ispublishedinJournal of Dairy Science, was funded by the São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP and USDA. Besides genetic [...]

An immune mechanism that makes babies more likely than adults to die from sepsis has been identified by scientists affiliated with the Center for Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CRIDin Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State (Brazil). The study ispublished) inCritical Care. The scientists are planning to test new therapeutic approaches based on the discovery. “We’re designing a clinical trial with drugs that have been approved for human use and are known to induce this [...]

The origin of the virus responsible for the ongoing yellow fever epidemic in Brazil, the worst for 40 years, has just been identified by scientists affiliated with two Brazilian institutions: Adolfo Lutz Institute (IAL) and the University of São Paulo (USP). By means of a molecular study of yellow fever viruses found in dead monkeys and in mosquitoes, the group discovered that the strain behind the current epidemic originated in Pará State in North Brazil in 1980. The virus [...]