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Em 2026: 114 notícias
Desde 1995: 427 notícias
New two-dimensional material could revolutionize solar fuel generation
Publicado em 26 de julho de 2018
Following the isolation of graphene in 2004, a race began to synthesize new two-dimensional materials. 2D materials are single-layer substances with a thickness of between one atom and a few nanometers (billionths of a meter). They have unique properties linked to their reduced dimensionality and play a key role in the development of nanotechnology and nanoengineering.
An international group of researchers including Brazilian scientists affiliated with the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) have [...]
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Archeological plant remains point to southwest Amazonia as crop domestication center
Publicado em 25 julho 2018The remains of domesticated crop plants at an archaeological site in southwest Amazonia supports the idea that this was an important region in the early history of crop cultivation, according to a study published July 25, 2018 in the open-access journal PLOS ONE by Jennifer Watling from the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology at the University of São Paulo, Brazil and colleagues. Genetic analysis of plant species has long pointed to the lowlands of southwest Amazonia as a key region in the [...]ver notícia -
Research shows how the Little Ice Age affected South American climate
Publicado em 24 julho 2018A new study published in Geophysical Research Journal shows that the so-called Little Ice Age - a period stretching from 1500 to 1850 in which mean temperatures in the northern hemisphere were considerably lower than at present - exerted effects on the climate of South America. Based on an analysis of speleothems (cave formations) in the Brazilian states of Mato Grosso do Sul and Goiás, the study revealed that in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, the climate of southwestern Brazil was [...]ver notícia -
Cold fronts may increase stroke mortality
Publicado em 19 julho 2018A study performed by Brazilian researchers and published in the International Journal of Biometeorology showed that falling temperatures may be accompanied by rising numbers of deaths from stroke, especially among people over 65. The authors also found that in the case of older people, the incidence of stroke associated with colder weather was higher among women. With the support from the São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP , researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) and the [...]ver notícia -
Identified RNA molecules that regulate action of male hormone in prostate cancer
Publicado em 18 julho 2018In most cases of prostate cancer, tumor cell growth is stimulated by the action of male hormones, or androgens, such as testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT). For this to happen, these hormones have to bind to androgen receptors, proteins located mostly in the cytoplasm of prostate cells. When hormone and receptor bind, they migrate to the cell nucleus, where they either activate or inhibit a number of genes to create a gene expression pattern that favors tumor proliferation. A study [...]ver notícia -
Study describes enzyme's key role in immune response to Chagas disease parasite
Publicado em 13 julho 2018In an article published recently in the journal Nature Communications , researchers affiliated with the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil describe the central role played by an enzyme called phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase gamma (PI3K?) in regulating the immune response against Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes Chagas disease. "Our results show that the expression of PI3K? increases during infection by T. cruzi in both mice and humans. This appears to be essential to [...]ver notícia -
Treatment prevents symptoms of schizophrenia in tests with rats
Publicado em 12 julho 2018Researchers at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in Brazil have tested a treatment with sodium nitroprusside in a strain of rats that spontaneously develop some of the symptoms associated with schizophrenia. The results obtained with a group of adolescent animals suggest that preventive treatment of the disease may be possible in future for young people considered at risk owing to cases of schizophrenia in their family history - 15% to 30% of risk cases develop the disease later [...]ver notícia -
Researchers detect Higgs boson coupling with top quark
Publicado em 05 julho 2018The much anticipated Higgs boson-top quark coupling has finally been observed in the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world's most powerful particle accelerator, at CERN on the Franco-Swiss border. The event was detected independently by CMS and Atlas, the main teams working with the LHC, and announced at a joint press conference held in Bologna, Italy. An article has also been published in Physical Review Letters. The result is a robust confirmation of the accuracy of the Standard Model of [...]ver notícia -
Study finds new genomic regions associated to weight gain in Nelore cattle
Publicado em 03 julho 2018A pioneering research project has identified genes potentially associated with functions such as growth and weight gain in the Nelore breed. These functions are key to beef production. The researchers pinpointed genomic regions that had changed owing to selection, referring to these as genomic signatures of selection. "We found six genomic regions containing genes associated with weight gain in the Nelore breed. Some of these hadn't been reported in the scientific literature, even for other [...]ver notícia -
Study investigates the reproductive habits of the fungus that causes athlete's foot
Publicado em 28 junho 2018The sexual habits of Trichophyton rubrum, the fungus that causes athlete's foot and other kinds of skin and nail infections, were the focus of a study published by Brazilian scientists and international collaborators in the journal Genetics. The researchers' findings suggest that asexual reproduction is the rule for this species. Mating between individuals is not common and requires highly specific conditions if it does occur. As a result, the genetic variability in the population is low [...]ver notícia