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There is no antidote or specific treatment for freshwater stingray venom, although accidents involving these animals are frequent on rivers in the Amazon and other regions. A groundbreaking study conducted at the Butantan Institute in São Paulo, Brazil, analyzed freshwater stingray toxins to elucidate their mechanism of action and highlighted methods of treatment. One of the key findings was that the composition and effects of the venom produced by members of the family Potamotrygonidae [...]

A new study by Brazilian biologists suggests that the effect of pesticides on bees could be worse than previously thought. Even when used at a level considered nonlethal, an insecticide curtailed the lives of bees by up to 50%. The researchers also found that a fungicide deemed safe for bees altered the behavior of workers and made them lethargic, potentially jeopardizing the survival of the entire colony. The results of the study are published in Scientific Reports, an online journal owned by [...]

A study conducted by scientists from Brazil, the United States and Portugal investigated the accuracy and consistency of different satellite data collections with regard to the location and size of burned areas in the Cerrado biome, the Brazilian savanna. The results, published in the International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation will help improve the output produced by Programa Queimadas, a program run by Brazil's National Space Research Institute (INPE) to monitor [...]

A study performed in Brazil by researchers from São Paulo State University (UNESP) suggests that overweight and obese adolescents have similar increased risks of developing heart disorders. The results of cardiovascular fitness tests with volunteers aged 10-17 were similar in both groups. Supported by São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP, the results of the study were published in the journalCardiology in the Young. The investigation also featured collaboration with colleagues [...]

Measuring the blood plasma ranges of an enzyme referred to as PDIA1 might sooner or later grow to be a way of diagnosing an individual’s predisposition to heart problems even when they’re wholesome, i.e., not overweight, diabetic or a smoker, and with regular ldl cholesterol. That is recommended by a research printed within the journalRedox Biologyby Brazilian researchers affiliated with the College of São Paulo (USP), the College of Campinas (UNICAMP) and Butantan [...]

The study shows the advantages of herbicide spraying and intensive fertilization in reforestation programs to mitigate the effects of climate change An experiment conducted in Brazil in an area of Atlantic Rainforest suggests that intensive silviculture, including the use of herbicide and substantial amounts of fertilizer, is a more effective approach to promoting the regeneration of tropical forest and biomass gain than the traditional method based on manual weeding and less fertilizer. The [...]

Lifestyle risk factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, overweight and obesity, unhealthy diet and lack of physical activity are associated with a third of all deaths caused by 20 types of cancer in Brazil, according to a new epidemiological study. Published in the journalCancer Epidemiology, the study shows that lifestyle risk factors account for 114,497 annual cases of cancer in Brazil, which represents 27% of all cancer cases, and 63,000 deaths, or 34% of cancer mortality. The study [...]

A study conducted at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil and described in an article published in the journalDrug and Alcohol Dependencemay help healthcare workers identify patients who risk relapse after undergoing treatment for cocaine use disorder. According to the authors, the findings reinforce the need to offer individualized treatment strategies for these cases, which are considered severe. The principal investigator for the study was Paulo Jannuzzi Cunha, a professor at [...]

Plants have larger and more complex genomes than all animals, be they mammals, birds, reptiles or amphibians. Fishes are the exception to the rule. Human DNA consists of some 3.2 billion base pairs spread out over 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. The genome of wheat (Triticum aestivum), however, comprises 17 billion base pairs divided into 21 pairs of chromosomes (a total of 42). The genome of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) contains 10 billion base pairs in 100-130 [...]