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Water can freeze from liquid ice to solid ice or boil in a gas. In cooking, these “phase transitions” are not smooth, but their discontinuous character is smoothed out at high pressure. An international team of physicists led by EPFL has just discovered the same behavior in certain quantum magnets, which could have consequences for qubit technology.   In physics, things exist in “phases”, like solid, liquid, gas. When something goes from one phase to another, we [...]

In an article published in PNAS, researchers affiliated with Butantan Institute describe the genome of Bothrops jararaca and suggest the origin of genes responsible for toxins in its venom. A group led by researchers at Butantan Institute and funded by São Paulo Research Foundation — FAPESP has completed the first sequencing of a Brazilian snake’s genome. The study is reported in an article published in the journal PNAS. It suggests that the nine genes that encode [...]

A team of scientists has discovered a new marmoset species in the Brazilian Amazon. Schneider’s marmoset (Mico schneideri), described in the latest issue of the journal Scientific Reports, is named after professor Horacio Schneider, a pioneer and major contributor to the research of diversity and evolution of monkeys. The discovery was made by a team of researchers led by Rodrigo Costa Araújo, currently an associate researcher at Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Araújo [...]

Trees fall every day in São Paulo, Brazil, the largest and most populous city in Latin America, but most tree falls occur in the rainy season owing mainly to the effects of temperature, strong winds and heavy rain. When trees fall in the dry season, the main direct cause is not weather but a lack of management and adequate conditions for the survival of street vegetation. These are the key findings of a studypublishedby a group of Brazilian researchers in the journalTrees - Structure [...]

More than 70% of plant species that produce flowers depend on birds to disperse their seeds. Birds feed on fruit from a wide array of different plants, and bird-plant interactions configure a welter of complex networks. A study conducted at the University of São Paulo’s Institute of Biosciences (IB-USP) in Brazil shows that the evolutionary stability of each bird species depends on the position it occupies in these networks, increasing in step with the number and centrality of [...]

New study in JAMA also found kids and teens eat less unprocessed and minimally processed foods. The calories that children and adolescents consumed from ultraprocessed foods jumped from 61% to 67% of total caloric intake from 1999 to 2018, according to a new study from researchers at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science & Policy at Tufts University. Published August 10, 2021, in JAMA, the study analyzed dietary intake from 33,795 children and adolescents nationwide. “Some whole [...]

Researchers propose a method of magnetizing a material without applying an external magnetic field. The study shows that the phenomenon can be produced by means of adiabatic compression, without any exchange of heat with the environment. The process aligns the spins of the material’s particles and magnetizes the system. Magnetizing a material without applying an external magnetic field is proposed by researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, in an article [...]

Magnetizing a material without applying an external magnetic field is proposed by researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, in an article published in the journal Scientific Reports, where they detail the experimental approach used to achieve this goal. The study was part of the PhD research pursued by Lucas Squillante under the supervision of Mariano de Souza, a professor at UNESP’s Department of Physics in Rio Claro. Contributions were also made by Isys Mello, [...]

The extreme drought suffered by the Pantanal in 2019-20, considered the worst in the last 50 years, was caused by natural climate conditions similar to those underlying the 2014-16 water crisis in São Paulo state. The Pantanal is one of the world’s largest wetlands. The Brazilian portion is located in the Center-West region, mainly Mato Grosso do Sul state. The 2019-20 extreme drought was studied by researchers affiliated with the Natural Disaster Surveillance and Early Warning [...]