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Ground-breaking research published in Nature Communications offers insights into deadly fungal disease, writes Dr Özgür Bayram, of the Department of Biology Ozgur - Biology - Maynooth University An international team of researchers, led by Professor Gustavo Goldman of the University of São Paulo and Maynooth University’s Dr Özgür Bayram, has unveiled ground-breaking findings on Aspergillus fumigatus, which can cause deadly disease in humans. The [...]

The rotation of the Sun produces changes in its magnetic field, which reverse completely every 11 years or so, triggering a phase of intense activity. Huge solar flares erupt from the Sun’s surface that last for minutes or hours emit intense bursts of particles and high levels of electromagnetic radiation. The release of energy during solar flares heats the chromosphere, causing almost complete ionization of the atomic hydrogen present in the region. The chromosphere is a thin layer of [...]

SO PAULO, Brazil — Our four-legged friends come in all shapes, sizes and breeds. Between Golden Retrievers, Bernese Mountain Dogs, Pugs or Corgis, there really is a dog for everyone. Of course, some dogs tend to be more aggressive or disobedient than others. Now, fascinating new research centered on puppies in Brazil reports that canine aggression is likely influenced both by the dog’s past life experiences and by its owner’s characteristics and lifestyle choices. For [...]

Summary: The findings reveal a cellular mechanism that helps improve physical fitness through physical training and identifies an anti-aging intervention that helps delay the declines that occur with natural aging. Source: Joslin Diabetes Center Proven to protect against a wide range of diseases, exercise may be the most powerful anti-aging intervention known to science. However, while physical activity can improve health as people age, its beneficial effects inevitably [...]

An article published in Science Advances suggests that a type of cancer treatment known as immune checkpoint blockade may be beneficial in certain cases of severe COVID-19. The creators of this therapy, which can successfully activate the immune system to fight cancer, won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The findings reported by the authors were based on experiments involving cells from patients treated in intensive care units (ICUs) after being infected by SARS-CoV-2, and [...]

Experiments involving animals and human cells conducted at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil suggest that niclosamide, an anthelmintic widely used against tapeworms, effectively inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication as well as the exacerbated inflammatory response that leads to death in many patients with severe COVID-19. More research is needed to find out whether the effects, described in an article published in Science Advances, are confirmed in patients with the disease, and [...]

A study shows how SARS-COV-2 infects brain cells called astrocytes, causing structural changes in the brain. Infection with SARS-CoV-2 can cause brain alterations and neurocognitive dysfunction, particularly in long COVID-19 syndrome, but the underlying mechanisms are elusive. Daniel Martins-de-Souza and colleagues used MRI to compare brain structure in 81 study participants recovering from a mild COVID-19 infection and 81 healthy individuals. The authors found that the former group [...]

Obesity and a limited physical activity are key factors in post-COVID-19 recovery. COVID-19 cases, even those that are mild to moderate in severity, can cause an imbalance in the cardiovascular system of young adults without pre-existing diseases, according to researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil. The investigators found that obesity and a limited physical activity are key factors in post-COVID-19 recovery that change the autonomic nervous system, affecting [...]

In COVID-19 patients, obesity is the factor most associated with the development of endothelial dysfunction, a condition in which blood vessels become unable to adequately contract and relax, increasing the risk of events such as heart attacks, thrombosis (blood clotting), and stroke. Endothelium refers to the thin layer of cells that line the walls of arteries and veins, as well as inside the heart. Endothelial cells release substances that control vascular relaxation and contraction, and [...]