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New Delhi, May 4 (PTI) Researchers have analysed microRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EVs), produced by most cells in the body including neurons and other nervous system cells, and found them to be associated with mental health disorders. The study by researchers at the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP) in Brazil is published in the journal Translational Psychiatry. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small transcripts that target messenger RNAs and regulate the expression of several genes at [...]

Poor diet contributed to over 14.1 million cases of type 2 2 diabetes in 2018, representing over 70 per cent of new diagnoses globally, according to a study. Of the 30 most populated countries studied, India, Nigeria, and Ethiopia had the fewest case of type 2 diabetes related to unhealthy eating, the researchers said. The analysis, published in the journal Nature Medicine, looked at data from 1990 and 2018, providing valuable insight into which dietary factors are driving type 2 diabetes [...]

New Delhi, Apr 18 (PTI) Poor diet contributed to over 14.1 million cases of type 2 2 diabetes in 2018, representing over 70 per cent of new diagnoses globally, according to a study. Of the 30 most populated countries studied, India, Nigeria, and Ethiopia had the fewest case of type 2 diabetes related to unhealthy eating, the researchers said. The analysis, published in the journal Nature Medicine, looked at data from 1990 and 2018, providing valuable insight into which dietary factors are [...]

Work is underway to create anxiety and depression prediction models, using artificial intelligence (AI) and Twitter, one of the world's largest social media platforms, that could detect signs of these illnesses before clinical diagnosis, according to researchers. Researchers at the University of So Paulo (USP) in Brazil said that preliminary findings from the model suggested the possibility of detecting the likelihood of a person developing depression based solely on their social media [...]

Washington, Nov 24 (PTI) Scientists have uncovered a new mechanism that could help explain why some Covid infected people develop a potentially fatal systemic inflammation, according to a study. Researchers at the University of Sao Paulo (USP) in Brazil have found that severe COVID-19 is associated with an imbalance in an important immune system signalling pathway. The researchers detected "dysregulation", or a dysfunctional regulation, of the immune system mediated by adenosine [...]

Washington, Nov 10 (PTI) Scientists have shown for the first time that infection by SARS-CoV-2 changes the functioning of host cell RNA, according to a study. The scientists at the Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Brazil, arrived at this conclusion by analysing thirteen datasets obtained during four studies of viral, human and animal cell RNA. RNA in a cell, or ribonucleic acid, just like DNA, stores genetic information. RNA transmits genetic information from DNA to the [...]

Washington, Jan 31 (PTI) Some people infected with SARS-CoV-2 may be able to transmit the virus for longer than the recommended quarantine period, without necessarily manifesting any symptoms during the final stage of the infection, a study suggests. The research, published recently in the journal Frontiers in Medicine, involved 38 Brazilian patients who were followed on a weekly basis between April and November 2020. The researchers affiliated with the Pasteur-USP Scientific Platform, a [...]

Novel coronavirus infects and replicates in salivary gland cells Brazilian researchers have discovered that SARS-CoV-2 infects and replicates in the salivary glands. The researchers at the University of São Paulo’s Medical School (FM-USP) said the discovery helps explain why the virus is so abundant in saliva and has enabled scientists to develop saliva-based diagnostic tests for COVID-19. Analysis of samples from three types of salivary gland obtained during a minimally [...]

Researchers have demonstrated that saliva can be used for early detection of the risk of diseases associated with surplus body fat, an advance that may lead to better methods to diagnose chronic obesity-related ailments. The study, published in the journal Nutrition Research, identified uric acid in saliva as a reliable signature chemical to predict body fat percentages in teenagers. "The idea is to enable saliva to be more widely used as an alternative biological sample for clinical [...]