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Unprecedented wildfires in Canada and parts of Amazonia last year were at least three times more likely due to climate change and contributed to high levels of CO2 emissions from burning globally, according to the first edition of a new systematic annual review. The State of Wildfires report takes stock of extreme wildfires of the 2023-2024 fire season (March 2023-February 2024), explains their causes, and assesses whether events could have been predicted. It also evaluates how the risk of [...]

In Brazil, climate and other human-made environmental changes threaten decades-long efforts to fight schistosomiasis, a widespread and debilitating parasitic disease. Now, Stanford and Brazilian researchers have developed models that can predict how the disease risk will shift in response to environmental changes. In Brazil, climate and other human-made environmental changes threaten decades-long efforts to fight a widespread and debilitating parasitic disease. Now, a partnership between [...]

The Amazon rainforest could approach a tipping point, which could lead to a large-scale collapse with serious implications for the global climate system. A new Nature study by an international research team including scientists from the Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact research (PIK) reveals that up to 47 percent of the Amazonian forest is threatened and identifies climatic and land-use thresholds that should not be breached to keep the Amazon resilient. “The Southeastern Amazon [...]

Researchers from University of California San Diego, as part of a large collaboration with scientists around the world, have developed a new search tool to help researchers better understand the metabolism of microorganisms. Microbes are key players in virtually all biological and environmental systems, yet limitations in current techniques used to study microbial metabolism make it difficult to decode their interactions and activities. The new research, published February 5, 2023 in Nature [...]

A single-dose vaccine protects nearly 80% of people not previously infected with dengue, according to researchers from the Butantan Institute in Brazil. Results from a Phase 3 clinical trial show that the vaccine is safe and effective for those aged 2–59 regardless of whether they have previously been infected with dengue. Expanding dengue vaccine options Nearly half of the world’s population live in areas where they are at risk of infection with dengue virus. Symptoms of [...]

Researchers at São Paulo State University’s Botucatu Institute of Biosciences (IBB-UNESP) in Brazil have developed a novel biomaterial that speeds up osteoblast (bone cell) differentiation. The invention has the potential to be used in future in bone regeneration, bone grafting and dental implant recovery, among other procedures. As reported by the researchers in an article published in the Journal of Biomedical Materials Research, the material is cobalt-doped monetite, an [...]

Researchers describes a hitherto unknown protein with anti-oxidizing properties secreted by Coxiella burnetii.

A study conducted by researchers affiliated with the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil concluded that particles of glitter can hinder the growth of organisms at the base of aquatic ecosystems, such as cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), which play a key role in the biogeochemical cycles of water and soil, as well as being eaten by other organisms. An article on the study is published in the journal Aquatic Toxicology. Ubiquitous in makeup, nail polish, holiday [...]

In Brazil’s North region, members of the population of red mangrove trees (Rhizophora mangle) do not often meet relatives from the South and vice-versa. However, occasional migrations via ocean currents between the two regions involving propagules, seeds adapted to seawater, enable populations to exchange genetic material and remain connected during their evolution. This is one of the conclusions of a study reported in the journal Molecular Ecology Resources by Brazilian and Japanese [...]