According to an article published in the journal, the COVID-19 pandemic has changed the way people perceive the passage of time. Science Advances..
At the end of the first month of social distance, in May 2020, most participants in the study (65%) reported feeling that time was passing more slowly. Researchers have classified this perception as “expansion of time” and found that it is associated with loneliness and a lack of positive experience during that period.
A larger percentage (75%) reported less “time pressure” when the clock appeared to be faster, and less time spent on daily tasks and leisure. The majority of interviewees (90%) said they had been evacuated to their homes during the period.
“We followed the volunteers for five months to see if this“ snapshot ”of the start of the pandemic changed over time. We found that the feeling of time expansion diminished over the course of several weeks, but no significant difference was detected. Regarding the pressure of time. ” Andre Clabo, the first author of this article, told Agência FAPESP. Cravo is a professor at the Federal University of ABC in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
The survey began on May 6, with 3,855 volunteers recruited via social media responding to a 10-item online survey with short intervals (pressing the start and stop buttons in 1, 3, and 12 seconds). You have completed a simple task designed to measure your ability to estimate. You were then asked about your daily life the previous week (whether you completed all the required tasks, the time you spent your leisure time), and your current mood (happiness, sadness, loneliness, etc.).
“They were invited to come back weekly for more sessions, but not everyone did,” Kurabo said. “The final analysis examined data from 900 participants who completed the questionnaire for at least four weeks, although not all are continuous.”
Using a time recognition scale from 0 to 100, which is the standard for this type of research, researchers analyze responses, calculate two parameters (time expansion and time pressure), and increase or increase weekly. I checked if it decreased.
“In addition to increasing or decreasing the scale, we also analyzed the factors associated with the change. A similar pattern was observed for 5 months. Weeks when participants felt lonely and reported less positive impact. And I also felt the time. It passes slowly. In very stressful situations, they felt the time go faster, “Cravo said.
According to Raymundo, when comparing the first answer to the question about the passage of time with the second answer provided at the end of the first month of imprisonment, the perception of time expansion increased by 20 points and the pressure of time was 30. The points have dropped. Machado, a researcher at the Brain Institute of the Albert Einstein Jewish Hospital (HIAE) in São Paulo and the last author of this article. “But these results are clearly affected by memory bias, as no measurements were taken before the pandemic,” he said.
The time was the slowest for the early young participants of the pandemic, who had the strictest adherence to the rules of social distance. With the exception of age, demographic factors such as household size, occupation, and gender did not affect the results.
For the author, this could be the effect of the sample profile. Most of the volunteers (80.5%) lived in the southeastern region. The majority were women (74.32%). Most have graduated from secondary school and a large number have a college degree (71.78%). In terms of income, about one-third was the upper middle class (33.08%). A significant minority worked in education (19.43%) and medical care (15.36%).
“This is typical of an online survey where the majority are women living in the southeast with a high level of formal education. The impact of demographics is more pronounced if the sample better represents Brazil’s population. It may have been, “Machado said.
Internal clock
The pandemic changed participants’ perceptions of the passage of time, but did not clearly affect their ability to perceive the duration measured by the button-pressing task. “All of us can estimate short intervals. The result of this time estimation test is [including overestimation and underestimation of the intervals] There was no correlation when compared to the time recognition score, “Machado said.
According to Cravo, the evidence from the scientific literature is that the feeling that time is passing more slowly or faster is influenced by two main factors: the relevance and unpredictability of time in a particular situation. It suggests that. “For example, if you are late for work [so that time is relevant in the context] I have to wait for the bus [unpredictable timing], You have the extreme perception that the minutes have not passed. When I’m having fun during my vacation, it looks like I’m flying, regardless of time, “he said.
Recalling past situations often changes perceptions. “When I remember what I did during my vacation, it seemed like it took a long time. On the contrary, it takes too much time to line up, but when I remember after a while, it feels like it’s in a blink of an eye. It ended in. “
In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is unclear how people remember the passage of time over a period of social distance. “Some temporary milestones, such as carnivals, June festivals, birthdays, etc., have had to be skipped in the last two years, so the question remains unanswered,” he concluded.
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