Mortality rates are similar across regions and income groups, however.
These are the main findings of a study reported in the journal Endocrine Practice by researchers affiliated with Hospital de Amor (formerly Barretos Cancer Hospital) in the north of the state, and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), part of the World Health Organization. The authors conclude that overdiagnosis in higher-income areas is probably responsible for the trends detected.
FAPESP supported the study via two projects (17/03787-2 and 21/10806-9), Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine system cancer and is more frequent among women, who account for 5% of cases diagnosed worldwide. Almost 600,000 new cases were reported in 2020, and more than 40,000 people died from the disease, according to IARC. headtopics.com
In Brazil, thyroid cancer ranks seventh among the most common types of cancer. The number of ultrasound examinations and nodule biopsies has risen sharply in the public health system in recent years. The authors of the Endocrine Practice article compared the geographical and socioeconomic distribution of thyroid cancer in the 18 municipalities of the Barretos region in the period 2003-17 with corresponding data for 2001-2015 in São Paulo City, where access is far easier to thyroid function tests and ultrasound, MRI and CT scans. They found a striking discrepancy: São Paulo's incidence was 15.9 per 100,000 inhabitants, three times that of the Barretos region (5.7).
For comparison, the nationwide incidence of thyroid cancer in Brazil is 4.8, according to the National Cancer Institute (INCA), and global incidence is 6.6, according to IARC's Global Cancer Observatory (GCO). headtopics.com
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