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Advances in biology and medicinal chemistry, in conjunction with rising investment in research, have led to the development of promising new candidate treatments for some of the main neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) in recent years.  However, scant progress has been made on parasitic worm diseases, which affect more people worldwide than other NTDs in absolute numbers, in terms of moving on from in vitro studies to clinical and pre-clinical trials. This is one of the conclusions of [...]

Having shown that diet can influence gene expression, science is starting to find out more about how this happens. According to an article recently published in Food and Chemical Toxicology, a diet supplemented with or deficient in methionine, an essential amino acid abundant in eggs, meat and seafood, affects the expression of genes associated with liver cell fat metabolism and genes that modify chromatin, the coiled fibers made up of DNA and proteins that form chromosomes in cells. The [...]

Many research groups are trying to find non-pharmacological solutions to help control resistant hypertension, and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) could be an option, according to a study recently reported in an article published in Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. Resistant or refractory hypertension is high blood pressure that does not respond to aggressive medical treatment, defined as daily administration of at least three classes of antihypertensive [...]

A qualitative study conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo’s School of Arts, Sciences and Humanities (EACH-USP) in Brazil suggests that gender influences how people suffering from alcohol use disorder cope with their condition. The principal investigator was Professor Edemilson de Campos, who was supported by FAPESP and collaborated with Nadia Narchi, also a professor at EACH-USP. The results are reported in an article published in the journal Drug and Alcohol [...]

What does science know about the relationship between physical activity and COVID-19, and what still needs to be investigated? Bruno Gualano, a professor at the University of São Paulo’s Medical School (FM-USP) in Brazil, answers these two questions in an editorial published recently in the British Journal of Sports Medicine. “As speculated at the start of the pandemic and now consistently proven, physically active people tend to experience a milder [...]

A study conducted at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil shows that even mild to moderate infection by SARS-CoV-2 can cause an imbalance in the cardiovascular system of young adults without pre-existing diseases. The researchers also concluded that both obesity and a low level of physical activity are key factors in post-COVID that help alter the autonomic nervous system, which regulates such vital functions as blood pressure, heart rate and breathing. The study, which was [...]

A study reported in December in an article in European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry shows an association between child poverty and a heightened propensity to develop externalizing disorders during adolescence and early adulthood, especially among girls. According to psychiatrists, externalizing disorders are characterized by poor impulse control, rule-breaking, aggression, impulsivity, attention deficit and hyperactivity, among other forms of behavior. The researchers who [...]

Omicron emerged as a variant of concern only in November 2021, but all the mutations it contains except one had been described before that. Researchers at the Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) in Brazil, supported by FAPESP, attribute this factor to the effectiveness of the existing vaccines against the variant, reflected in the relatively small number of severe cases and deaths despite Omicron’s heightened transmissibility. The hypothesis is raised in an article by [...]

In a 38-year-old man who manifested mild symptoms of COVID-19 for 20 days, the novel coronavirus continued to be detected and to undergo mutations for 232 days. If he had not been given continuous medical care, maintained social distancing and worn a mask, he could have spread the virus throughout these seven months. The atypical case of infection by SARS-CoV-2 was part of a study involving 38 Brazilian patients followed on a weekly basis between April and November 2020 by researchers [...]