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A study involving 22 Parkinson's disease (PD) patients has shown that use of the dopaminergic drug levodopa improves sleep quality. When the patients took the drug, the number of times they woke up during the night fell 25% and the amount of time they remained awake fell 30% on average. The investigation was conducted with FAPESP's support by researchers at São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Brazil, and the University of Grenoble Alpes (UGA) in France. An article reporting [...]

The State of Wildfires report, the first edition of a new systematic annual review, takes stock of extreme wildfires of the 2023-2024 fire season, explains their causes and assesses whether events could have been predicted. It also evaluates how the risk of similar events will change in future under different climate change scenarios. The report, which will be published annually, is co-led by the University of East Anglia (UEA, UK), the UK Centre for Ecology Hydrology (UKCEH), the Met Office [...]

A university in the United Kingdom has published a first-of-its-kind study on the release of carbon emissions from wildfires. In its first edition, it found that wildfires last year caused 8.6 billion tons of CO2 emissions. Wildfires made more frequent and intense by climate change released significant quantities of CO2 into the air in 2023-2024, said a first-of-its-kind annual study published Wednesday. Fires in natural areas caused 8.6 billion tonnes of CO2 emissions worldwide between [...]

Unprecedented fires that raged in Canada and parts of the Amazon were at least three times more likely because of climate change, the first annual assessment of wildfires has shown. The first “state of wildfires” report – which is set to be published annually – assesses extreme wildfires that took place between March 2023 to February 2024, their causes, whether they could be predicted and how the risk of similar events will increase with future climate change. The [...]

Researchers have shown that a fluorescence detection system that doesn’t contain any lenses can provide highly sensitive detection of deadly microorganisms in drinking water. With further development, the new approach could provide a low-cost and easy-to-use way to monitor water quality in resource-limited settings such as developing countries or areas affected by disasters. It could also be useful when water safety results are needed quickly, such as for swimming events, a concern [...]

In an article published in the journal PNAS, researchers at the University of São Paulo's Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ-USP) in Brazil describe for the first time how strigolactones, plant hormones discovered several decades ago, control flowering and fruiting in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). The findings of their study point to a new opportunity for management of fruiting time and could have a significant impact on total yields for this crop. Derived from [...]

A study reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) shows how the presence of a specific protein called IL-22BP affects the composition of the gut microbiota and the body's response to bacterial infection. We discovered that mice that don't produce this protein are more protected against intestinal infections by bacteria like Clostridioides difficile and Citrobacter rodentium." Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, co-author of the article He is a [...]

A study reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS) shows how the presence of a specific protein called IL-22BP affects the composition of the gut microbiota and the body's response to bacterial infection. "We discovered that mice that don't produce this protein are more protected against intestinal infections by bacteria like Clostridioides difficile and Citrobacter rodentium," Marco Aurélio Ramirez Vinolo, a co-author of the article, told. He [...]

Acombination of two drugs was capable of suppressing tumors in a non-conventional manner. Instead of inhibiting tumor cell division, as the most widely used medications do, the strategy consisted of hyperactivating oncogenic signaling by these cells to the point where they became stressed. The other drug then attacked the stressed cells. The approach will be tested in colorectal cancer patients in the Netherlands later this year. The study is reported in an article published in Cancer [...]