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Agência FAPESP – Yellow fever virus is normally confined to the Amazon region, but the virus circulated in the Southeast of Brazil between 2016 and 2018, causing the worst epidemic and epizootic outbreaks there for decades. The Ministry of Health confirmed 2,251 cases of yellow fever in humans and 1,567 cases in monkeys in Brazil between December 2016 and June 2019. According to a study published in the journal PLOS Pathogens, the three epidemic/epizootic waves that occurred in [...]

New insights into the carbon cycle of Amazonia's lakes, floodplains and waters have furthered the understanding of the scale and consequences of global warming. The research, published in Hydrobiologia, revealed that the microbial food chain found in floodplains produces 10 times more carbon dioxide than the classical phytoplankton-zooplankton-fish food chain made up of decomposing organic matter. Carbon is one of one of the most abundant elements found on Earth. Most of the carbon on this [...]

In the past three decades, almost 4,000 planet-like objects have been discovered orbiting isolated stars outside the Solar System (exoplanets). Beginning in 2011, it was possible to use NASA's Kepler Space Telescope to observe the first exoplanets in orbit around young binary systems of two live stars with hydrogen still burning in their core. Brazilian astronomers have now found the first evidence of the existence of an exoplanet orbiting an older or more evolved binary in which one of the [...]

A group of Brazilian researchers succeeded in preventing allergic asthma from progressing in experimental models by increasing the amount of a protein. This increase blocked the CD4+ T lymphocytes responsible for producing a cytokine that triggers a cascade of events resulting in the onset and progression of the disease. This knowledge of how the disease can be resolved in cell cultures and animals will form a basis for the research and development of a drug to control expression of this [...]

by FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO

The Brazilian stingless bee Tetragonisca angustula (jataí in Portuguese) deploys a different strategy for defending its nests from other social insect species. In addition to posting sentinels at the nest entrance, as do most social insects, colonies of this species also have guards that hover near the entrance all the time. A study by researchers in the Department of Entomology and Acarology of the University of São Paulo's Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ-USP) in Brazil and [...]

Commercial antidepressants typically take two to four weeks to have a significant effect on a depressed patient. They are also inneffective in approximately 40% of the cases. Finding new drugs for depression that are fast-acting and have more lasting effects is the goal of research conducted by Brazilian scientists in São Paulo State in collaboration with Danish colleagues. Their study found that a single dose of cannabidiol in rats with symptoms of depression was highly effective, [...]

Brazilian researchers may have discovered why Africanized honeybees are so aggressive. The scientists detected higher levels of certain chemical substances in the brains of Africanized honeybees than in gentler strains of honeybees bred by beekeepers. According to a study published in Journal of Proteome Research, the chemical substances in question may trigger irascible behavior by normally placid bees. The same compounds had been detected in the brains of flies and mice, where they appeared [...]

A study performed by Brazilian researchers and published in the International Journal of Biometeorology showed that falling temperatures may be accompanied by rising numbers of deaths from stroke, especially among people over 65. The authors also found that in the case of older people, the incidence of stroke associated with colder weather was higher among women. With the support from the São Paulo Research Foundation - FAPESP, researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) and the [...]