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Vaccination has changed the profile of hospitalized COVID-19 patients and people who die from the disease in Brazil. A study conducted in São José do Rio Preto, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, reports on the start of this process. Researchers affiliated with the Virology Laboratory at São José do Rio Preto Medical School (FAMERP) retrospectively analyzed data for 2,777 patients treated between January 5 and September 12, 2021, at the region’s base [...]

Treatment with a bile acid derivative known as TUDCA (tauroursodeoxycholic acid) can mitigate metabolic abnormalities associated with Alzheimer’s disease, such as alterations in food intake and body weight, improving the patient’s quality of life, according to the findings of a study conducted at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Experiments with mice showed that TUDCA combats these metabolic abnormalities by reducing food intake and [...]

In the 2 decades from 1999 to 2018, ultraprocessed foods consistently accounted for the majority of energy intake by American young people, a large cross-sectional study of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data shows. In young people aged 2-19 years, the estimated percentage of total energy from consumption of ultraprocessed foods increased from 61.4% to 67.0%, for a difference of 5.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5-7.7, P São Paulo Research Foundation. [...]

A study conducted by a group of Brazilian researchers contributes to a deeper understanding of the molecular basis for schizophrenia, and potentially to the development of more specific and effective treatments for the disease. The medications currently available on the market act generically on the brain and can have severe adverse side effects. Treatment of post-mortem samples from the hippocampus of schizophrenic patients with an NMDA receptor antagonist pointed to biological processes [...]

The discovery of a potential “Achilles heel” in Nef, the protein that is crucial to HIV virulence and its capacity to trigger AIDS, paves the way for the development of a new class of drugs against the virus. Researchers have succeeded in demonstrating a structure that binds this protein to another called AP-2 and regulates endocytosis, the process by which cells take in substances such as nutrients or pathogens by engulfing them in a vesicle. As a result, it is increasingly clear [...]

Arthritis affects almost 2% of the world’s population, or some 150 million people, and currently, there is no completely effective treatment for this chronic disease. A new molecule developed in the laboratory has been shown to have potential therapeutic effects. Tested in mice with genetically induced arthritis, it suppressed the inflammatory process, reducing both inflammation and joint tissue wear and tear. Arthritic mice treated with the substance displayed less pain and swelling and [...]

Evaluating body composition, especially appendicular muscle mass, can be an effective strategy for predicting longevity in people over 65 years of age, according to a study conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo’s Medical School (FM-USP) in Brazil. The appendicular muscles are the muscles that move the appendages or extremities—the arms and legs. They also play a key role in stabilizing the shoulders and hips. The researchers studied a group of 839 men and [...]

An immune mechanism that makes babies more likely than adults to die from sepsis has been identified by scientists affiliated with the Center for Research on Inflammatory Diseases (CRID in Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State (Brazil). The study is published) in Critical Care. The scientists are planning to test new therapeutic approaches based on the discovery. “We’re designing a clinical trial with drugs that have been approved for human use and are known to induce this [...]

A study conducted by an international group of researchers has overturned the understanding of life-threatening inflammatory diseases such as sepsis, pointing to a biochemical agent that may be involved in the rapid decline in blood pressure that occurs in the advanced stage of sepsis and usually causes the patient’s death. This discovery could pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches. Sepsis is the leading cause of death in Brazilian intensive care units (ICUs), with a mortality [...]