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BRAZIL - The cattle tick is controlled by pesticides, invariably leading to the selection of resistant strains. In Brazil, this parasite is currently resistant to a greater or lesser extent to all the commercial pesticides used by cattle farmers. The antiparasitic drug most widely used to control cattle tick populations (as well as human parasites) is ivermectin, a broad-spectrum anthelmintic, acaricide, and insecticide. Brazil's commercial cattle herd totaled 217.7 million animals in 2017, [...]

Four families of extremely young asteroids have been identified by researchers affiliated with São Paulo State University (UNESP) in Guaratinguetá, Brazil. An article on the discovery has been published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. “We identified the new families by means of numerical simulation using the backward integration method (BIM), which is much more precise than other methods for dating asteroid families. But BIM only works for really young families that [...]

Tau Flow, a computational engineering startup based in Campinas, São Paulo State, Brazil, offers the market customized mathematical solutions for the optimization of project performance. It uses 3-D computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to develop “virtual prototypes” of any process or environment that involves flows of liquids or gases (defined in physics as fluids). “Our prototyping solutions use data such as fluid velocity, pressure, temperature, concentration, and turbulence. All these [...]

Global warming could lead to the extinction of up to 10  per cent of frog and toad species endemic to Brazil's Atlantic Rainforest biome within about the next 50 years. The temperature and precipitation regimes predicted to occur between 2050 and 2070 will be lethal for species that are less well adapted to climate variation and inhabit certain areas of the Atlantic Rainforest. This is one of the findings of a study that analyzes the present and future distribution of anurans (tailless [...]

Following the isolation of graphene in 2004, a race began to synthesize new two-dimensional materials. These are single-layer substances with a thickness of between one atom and a few nanometers (billionths of a meter). They have unique properties linked to their reduced dimensionality and play a key role in the development of nanotechnology and nanoengineering. An international group of researchers, including Brazilian scientists affiliated with the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), have [...]

A platform that can diagnose several diseases with a high degree of precision using metabolic markers found in patients’ blood has been developed by scientists at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP) in Brazil. The method combines mass spectrometry, which can identify tens of thousands of molecules present in blood serum, with an artificial intelligence algorithm capable of finding patterns associated with diseases of viral, bacterial, fungal and even genetic origin. The research was [...]

Results of a study carried out in Brazil showed a strong association between vitamin D deficiency and metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal women. The Metabolic syndrome (MetS), described as a cluster of conditions that heighten the risk of heart disease, stroke and diabetes, is estimated to affect approximately 50% of the female population above the age of 50 in the United States. Researchers at São Paulo State University’s Botucatu Medical School (FMB-UNESP) detected MetS in 57.8% of the [...]

Toothpaste alone does not prevent dental erosion, new research suggests. After analysing nine fluoridated toothpastes that are available throughout Europe, including Colgate Caries Protection and Sensodyne Rapid Relief, Swiss researchers found enamel loss still occurs to some extent despite regular brushing. Although none of the toothpastes studied prevent dental erosion, Blend-a-Med Pro Expert and Regenerate were found to be the least effective, while Sensodyne Pronamel and Elmex Erosion [...]

Young men are more likely to experience first-episode psychosis, defined as the first manifestation of one or more severe mental disorders including schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, and depression, compared to women of the same age group, says a new study. The findings published in the journal JAMA Psychiatry also showed that ethnic minorities and people living in socioeconomically disadvantaged areas are also vulnerable to severe mental illness. For the study, the researchers [...]