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Lega Nerd (Itália)

Il mistero di Luzio: il DNA rivela le origini dei popoli amerindi e la scomparsa delle civiltà costiere (210 notícias)

Publicado em 01 de agosto de 2023

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Un antico scheletro umano, chiamato Luzio, ha catturato l’attenzione degli scienziati brasiliani. Risalente a circa 10.000 anni fa e rinvenuto nello stato di San Paolo, Luzio è stato oggetto di uno studio genetico rivoluzionario. I risultati hanno rivelato che era un discendente della popolazione ancestrale che si stabilì nelle Americhe almeno 16.000 anni fa. Intrigati da queste scoperte, gli scienziati hanno indagato ulteriormente sulle antiche comunità costiere del Brasile, noti per i loro enormi tumuli di conchiglie e lische di pesce. Questi monumenti, chiamati sambaquis, hanno rappresentato per migliaia di anni un fenomeno umano con la più alta densità demografica del Sudamerica precoloniale. Ma circa 2.000 anni fa, queste comunità scomparvero improvvisamente. Lo studio ha dimostrato che Luzio non era l’antenato diretto di queste civiltà costiere. Ci furono invece due migrazioni distinte: nell’entroterra e lungo la costa. Le comunità costiere, pur avendo somiglianze culturali, mostrarono differenze biologiche significative, soprattutto tra quelle del sud-est e del sud. La scomparsa delle civiltà costiere è stata attribuita a un cambiamento di pratiche, con un declino nella costruzione di middens di conchiglie e l’introduzione della ceramica. Questo cambiamento suggerisce una progressiva integrazione con le comunità dell’entroterra e il passaggio a nuove tradizioni alimentari. È di estrema importanza proteggere il patrimonio storico e culturale del Brasile e dei popoli indigeni, per assicurare che la loro eredità continui a vivere e a ispirare le generazioni future. La scienza ci offre uno sguardo affascinante su ciò che si è verificato millenni fa e ci insegna l’importanza di preservare e proteggere la nostra storia per il bene delle generazioni future.