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Harvard scientists have discovered that chilly temperatures may help you reduce weight. (99 notícias)

Publicado em 02 de agosto de 2022

Brown adipose tissue is activated by cooling to launch anti-inflammatory compounds.

Greater than 40% of the grownup American inhabitants is overweight, a posh situation that will increase the chance of diabetes, coronary heart illness and plenty of forms of most cancers. By way of the formation of low-grade persistent irritation and the formation of immune cells in insulin-sensitive tissues, weight problems is an element that may contribute to different well being issues. Scientists consider that reversing or “resolving” this persistent irritation can delay the onset of obesity-related ailments corresponding to diabetes and will make it simpler to reduce weight.

Researchers from Brigham and Ladies’s Hospital and the Joslin Diabetes Heart discovered that in mice overweight, publicity to chilly temperatures improved insulin sensitivity and nationwide tolerance. Sugar whereas coping with irritation attributable to weight problems. Their findings are reported in a brand new paper printed in Pure digestion.

The researchers additionally discovered that the mechanism was based mostly on brown adipose tissue, generally referred to as “good fats”, releasing a naturally occurring molecule referred to as Maresin 2 in response to chilly stimuli. Brown adipose tissue is called an energetic endocrine organ as a result of it hides molecules that work together with different tissues and regulate metabolism. It additionally helps in releasing saved vitality and may promote weight reduction and metabolic well being.

“Complete proof means that weight problems and metabolic syndrome are related to persistent irritation resulting in systemic insulin resistance, in order that inflammatory problems of weight problems can present profitable therapy for associated ailments. Weight problems. Senior Investigator within the Division of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism on the Joslin Diabetes Heart and Professor of Medication at Harvard Medical Faculty.

“We’ve got discovered that publicity to chilly reduces irritation and improves metabolism in weight problems, not less than partially by facilitating brown adipose tissue.” This demonstrates the beforehand unrecognized operate of brown adipose tissue in selling inflammatory decision. In weight problems.

In two earlier experiments, Tseng and colleagues discovered that brown fats could be activated by publicity to chilly to create particular lipid mediators that regulate nutrient metabolism. Within the present research, researchers recognized a novel position for lipid mediators constituted of brown fats to cope with irritation.

Within the present research, researchers developed a mouse mannequin that, when fed a high-fat weight loss program to Western requirements, develops into weight problems.

When the animal is uncovered to a chilly atmosphere (about 40 levels.[{” attribute=””>Fahrenheit), the researchers observed that the animals’ insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism improved and their body weight decreased, compared to control animals maintained at a thermoneutral zone – the environmental temperature where the body does not need to produce heat for maintaining its core body temperature.

What’s more, the scientists also noticed a profound improvement in inflammation, as measured by reduced levels of a major inflammatory marker.

“We found that brown fat produces Maresin 2, which resolves inflammation systemically and in the liver,” said co-corresponding author Matthew Spite, Ph.D., a lead investigator at Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Associate Professor of Anesthesia at Harvard Medical School. “These findings suggest a previously unrecognized function of brown adipose tissue in promoting the resolution of inflammation in obesity via the production of this important lipid mediator.”

Moreover, these findings also suggest that Maresin 2 could have clinical applications as a therapy for patients with obesity, metabolic disease, or other diseases linked to chronic inflammation; however, the molecule itself breaks down quickly in the body. Tseng and colleagues seek a more stable chemical analog for clinical use.

The team notes a shortcut to improved metabolic health may already exist. Multiple human studies conducted at Joslin and elsewhere show that exposure to mildly cold temperatures (50 to 55 degrees Fahrenheit) has been shown to be sufficient to activate brown adipose tissue and improve metabolism, though the mechanisms are not well understood.

Reference: “Brown adipose tissue-derived MaR2 contributes to cold-induced resolution of inflammation” by Satoru Sugimoto, Hebe Agustina Mena, Brian E. Sansbury, Shio Kobayashi, Tadataka Tsuji, Chih-Hao Wang, Xuanzhi Yin, Tian Lian Huang, Joji Kusuyama, Sean D. Kodani, Justin Darcy, Gerson Profeta, Nayara Pereira, Rudolph E. Tanzi, Can Zhang, Thomas Serwold, Efi Kokkotou, Laurie J. Goodyear, Aaron M. Cypess, Luiz Osório Leiria, Matthew Spite, and Yu-Hua Tseng, 27 June 2022, Nature Metabolism.

DOI: 10.1038/s42255-022-00590-0

This work was supported in part by US National Institutes of Health (NIH) grants (R01DK122808, R01DK077097, R01DK102898, R01HL106173, R01DK099511, R01DK112283, P30DK0368360) and by US Army Medical Research grant W81XWH-17-1-0428; the Manpei Suzuki Diabetes Foundation in Japan; grant 2019/20554-7 from The São Paulo Research Foundation, FAPESP; an American Diabetes Association post-doctoral fellowship (1-16-PDF-063); the Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP) grants 2017/02684 and 2019/26008-4.

Spite and Tseng are inventors of a pending provisional patent application related to Maresin 2 and metabolic therapeutics.