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Diet: Cutting back on protein alone may be an choice, study says (64 notícias)

Publicado em 23 de maio de 2022

Reducing protein consumption may help handle metabolic syndrome and a few of its major signs, similar to weight problems, diabetes and hypertension. This was proven by a study performed by Brazilian and Danish scientists to match the results of a protein and calorie food regimen for people. The outcomes had been printed in the journal Nutrients.

Metabolic syndrome is a bunch of situations — together with hypertension, excessive blood sugar, waist fats and excessive ldl cholesterol — that enhance the danger of coronary heart illness, stroke and diabetes.

“The study confirmed that decreasing protein consumption to 0.8g per kg of physique weight was adequate to attain virtually the similar medical outcomes as a calorie-restricted food regimen, however with out the want to scale back calorie consumption. The outcomes recommend the risk that protein restriction is considered one of the major elements resulting in the recognized constructive results of meals restriction. Therefore, a protein-restricted food regimen may be a extra enticing and comparatively easier dietary technique for individuals with metabolic syndrome,” says Rafael Feraz-Banitz, PhD, from FMRP-USP (Ribeiro Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo) and first writer of the article.

The study was funded by FAPESP by means of the Ferraz-Bannitz doctoral scholarship and a thematic mission coordinated by Prof. Marcelo Mori from Unicamp (State University of Campinas), which goals to simulate, with completely different methods, the results of caloric restriction.

The investigation concerned an interdisciplinary and worldwide staff of scientists from USP, the University of Copenhagen (Denmark), Inca (National Cancer Institute) and OCRC (Obesity and Comorbidity Research Center) – FAPESP Center for Research, Innovation and Dissemination, primarily based at Unicamp.

For 27 days, researchers noticed 21 sufferers recognized with metabolic syndrome. The volunteers had been divided into two teams and remained hospitalized at the Hospital das Clínicas da FMRP-USP all through the interval in order that the food regimen may be monitored and strictly adopted.

Each participant’s every day caloric requirement was calculated primarily based on basal metabolism (resting vitality expenditure). In one group, sufferers obtained an individualized food regimen with 25% fewer energy than what was thought of excellent. In this case, the selection of meals was carried out in accordance with the customary advisable for the inhabitants (50% carbohydrates, 20% proteins and 30% fat).

In the second group, every day caloric consumption was additionally calculated individually, taking into consideration basal metabolism. And, though the caloric consumption for every particular person was met (by no means exceeded), the proportion of protein in the food regimen was lowered, remaining round 10% (60% carbohydrates and 30% fats). An necessary reality is that there was no distinction in salt consumption. In each teams, sufferers consumed 2 g of salt per day.

The study discovered that each calorie-restricted and protein-restricted diets promoted weight reduction by decreasing physique fats and thus improved signs of metabolic syndrome. A lower in physique fats is thought to be related to a lower in blood glucose, lipids, and blood stress.

“After 27 days of follow-up, each teams had the similar outcomes: decrease blood glucose ranges, weight reduction, blood stress management, and decrease triglyceride and levels of cholesterol.

Both a calorie-restricted food regimen and one which lowered protein consumption improved insulin sensitivity after remedy. Patients additionally skilled a discount in physique fats, notably round the stomach and thighs, however no discount in muscle mass. [músculos]”, says Maria Cristina Foz de Freitas, FMRP-USP professor and study coordinator.

The outcomes affirm earlier research performed on mice. “But this time we had been in a position to perform a randomized and totally managed medical trial for 27 days with a customized menu in keeping with the wants of every affected person,” emphasizes Foz de Freitas.

In this fashion, it was potential to indicate in people that it is sufficient to manipulate the macronutrients of the food regimen – proteins, fat or carbohydrates – to acquire a helpful impact from meals restriction. “We have seen that protein restriction is adequate to scale back physique fats and preserve muscle mass. This is essential as a result of in lots of restrictive diets, weight reduction can also be related to a lack of muscle mass,” feedback Ferraz-Banitz.

The study doesn’t describe the molecular mechanisms that may clarify the helpful impact of a protein-restricted food regimen, however the researchers imagine that minimal protein consumption contributes to altering the metabolism of sufferers or bettering the physique’s energy-burning capacity. vitality Fat as a type of vitality manufacturing for cells.

“We are left with solely hypotheses, and considered one of them would be the activation of molecular pathways that interpret the lower in important amino acids as an indication of lowered meals consumption, which results in the manufacturing of hormones which can be usually elevated throughout fasting. Studies in animal fashions have already proven that these pathways are concerned in each calorie-restricted and protein-restricted diets, inflicting fats loss in each instances,” Morey says.

Even with promising outcomes, it’s crucial to concentrate to the indisputable fact that the study was primarily based on the use of particular person diets. Morey additionally notes that the study was performed with a selected inhabitants: sufferers with metabolic syndrome that suffer from diabetes, weight problems, hypertension and excessive ldl cholesterol.

“Nevertheless, it is onerous not to consider extrapolating this outcome. We know {that a} vegan food regimen has been proven to be constructive for instances of metabolic syndrome, and it has additionally been confirmed that extra protein consumption, as accepted by the Western customary, can be an issue. Therefore, it’s crucial to judge every particular case. We should not overlook that lack of protein can result in severe issues – one thing that’s already effectively described in the case of pregnant ladies, for instance,” he says.